Benign Sinonasal Tumors: A 17-Year Single Center Experience

Abstract

Objective This study evaluated demographic characteristics, histopathological distribution, surgical approaches, residual disease, complications, and recurrence patterns in patients surgically treated for benign sinonasal tumors. Methods Medical records of patients who underwent surgery for benign sinonasal tumors at a single tertiary center between January 2007 and December 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with less than three months of follow-up were excluded. Demographic, histological, surgical, complication, residual disease, follow-up, and recurrence data were analyzed according to tumor type. Results A total of 368 patients were included. The median age was 42.5 years, and 260 patients (70.7%) were male. The most common histological groups were sinonasal papilloma (34.2%), osseous lesions (22.6%), and juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (19.0%). Surgical approach differed significantly by tumor type (p<0.001), with endoscopic surgery used most frequently overall (74.5%). Residual disease also differed significantly among tumor types (p=0.011) and was most common in osseous lesions. Complications occurred in 17.4% of patients; complication types varied significantly across tumor groups (p=0.035). Recurrence data were available for 326 patients, and recurrence occurred in 40 patients (12.3%), most frequently in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (23.4%; p=0.010). Conclusion Histological subtype was associated with surgical approach, residual disease, complication pattern, and recurrence. These findings support individualized surgical planning and histology-specific follow-up in benign sinonasal tumors.