Using First Language by University Students of English for Specific Purposes: Practices and Views

Abstract

While many language learners employ their first language (L1) to learn English as a foreign language (EFL), research regarding L1 use in university level English for Specific Purposes (ESP) classrooms in Saudi Arabia remains limited. This study therefore explores the practices associated with the use of the L1 by students learning a second language (L2) on an ESP course, examining how these students perceive its effectiveness. Focus-group interviews are conducted with 50 students majoring in human resource management at a Saudi university. A systematic thematic analysis reveals four L1 practices: translation, independent study, group work, and exam. The study also reveals that the students hold positive opinions regarding the use of their L1 when learning on the course; stating it improves their retention of information, enhances their comprehension and interpersonal skills, assists with their vocabulary learning, and reduces stress. This study contributes to ongoing research concerning L1 use in language education by providing insights into the L1 practices employed by Saudi students to learn an L2, and including their perspectives. The study recommends that ESP instructors design their lectures to provide language students with opportunities to use their L1 to enhance their cognitive-related abilities in language learning.