Jukun-Tiv Crises and Economic Development in Wukari Local Government Area of Taraba State Nigeria

Abstract

Ethnic conflicts remain a persistent challenge in many societies, particularly in Africa, where historical grievances, political competition, and resource struggles fuel tensions. Nigeria, with its vast ethnic diversity, has frequently experienced violent inter-group rivalries, notably between the Jukun and Tiv ethnic groups in Wukari Local Government Area, Taraba State. This study examines the impact of the Jukun-Tiv crises on economic development in Wukari, employing Donald Horowitz's ethnic conflict theory as a theoretical framework. The study utilized a descriptive survey research design, collecting data through questionnaires and interviews from a sample of 400 respondents, with 388 valid responses analysed. Findings reveal that recurrent ethnic conflicts have significantly disrupted economic activities, particularly agriculture and trade, leading to loss of livelihoods, destruction of property, and stunted economic growth. The dominance of farmers and traders among respondents emphasised the economic vulnerability of the region to ethnic violence. Furthermore, the study highlighted how political and economic contestations exacerbate tensions, with local elites often manipulating ethnic identities for political gain. The study recommends inclusive governance, economic empowerment programmes, and robust conflict resolution mechanisms as essential strategies for fostering sustainable peace and economic development in Wukari LGA.