Mechanistic Insights Into the Association Between Gut Microbiota Diversity and Atherosclerosis, Acute Coronary Syndrome, and Peripheral Arterial Disease Progression

Abstract

The gut microbiome has emerged as a potential contributor to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). While observational studies link dysbiosis to CVD, causal relationships remain uncertain.