Faktor Determinan Perilaku Seksual Berisiko pada Remaja Pranikah di SMK BM Sinar Husni dengan Pendekatan Teori Sosial Kognitif

Abstract

This study analyzes the determinants of risky sexual behavior among premarital adolescents at SMK BM Sinar Husni through the lens of Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory. The factors examined include personal factors, namely knowledge, attitude, and self efficacy, and environmental factors, namely family support, peer influence, school role, and media exposure. A quantitative cross sectional design was applied. The population comprised all 150 premarital adolescent students at SMK BM Sinar Husni in the 2025/2026 academic year, and the entire population was used as the sample through total sampling. Data were collected using a Likert scale questionnaire tested for validity and reliability, with a Cronbach's Alpha of at least 0.70, then analyzed through univariate, bivariate using the Chi Square test, and multivariate analysis using logistic regression. The results show that 35.3% of respondents were categorized as having high risk sexual behavior. All seven independent variables were significantly related to risky sexual behavior in the bivariate analysis, and all seven variables also had a significant simultaneous effect in the multivariate analysis. Peer influence emerged as the most dominant protective determinant, while media exposure was the only factor that increased the risk. These findings confirm that risky sexual behavior among premarital adolescents arises from a reciprocal interaction between personal factors and the social environment, consistent with Social Cognitive Theory. Comprehensive prevention efforts are needed, covering the strengthening of self efficacy, reproductive health education, parental supervision, the protective role of schools, healthy peer environments, and digital literacy among adolescents.