We investigate the mechanisms underlying exotic hadron formation via the TQ4Q1.1 set of collinear fragmentation functions for fully charmed or bottomed tetraquarks in three quantum configurations: scalar (\(0^{++}\)), axial vector (\(1^{+-}\)), and tensor (\(2^{++}\)). We adopt leading-power single-parton fragmentation within a nonrelativistic QCD framework tailored to tetraquark Fock states. Initial-scale inputs are constructed from updated gluon and heavy-quark channels, and evolved through threshold-consistent DGLAP within HF-NRevo. We present a systematic implementation of uncertainty propagation from color-composite long-distance matrix elements governing tetraquark hadronization. This study further develops the connection between hadronic structure, precision QCD, and exotic hadron matter.
Published by the Jagiellonian University
2026
authors
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