Correlation study between inflammatory, nutritional and metabolic indicators and the risk of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast

Abstract

Background The aim of this study was to compare clinical data between women with invasive breast cancer (IBC) and those with benign breast tumors, identify risk factors influencing IBC development, and provide evidence for early clinical identification and intervention. Methods Clinical records of 1, 049 female patients with breast masses who underwent surgical treatment at Hebei Provincial People’s Hospital between October 1, 2018, and October 1, 2020, were retrospectively collected. The cohort comprised 738 cases in the benign breast mass group and 311 cases in the invasive breast cancer group. Chi-square (χ²), Z-tests, and T-tests were used to compare the two groups regarding age, menopausal status, marital status, parity, family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast surgery, presence of metabolic syndrome (MS), and related inflammatory and nutritional indicators [prognostic nutritional index (PNI), albumin/globulin ratio (AGR), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil/monocyte ratio (NMR). Independent risk factors for female IBC development were identified through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results Logistic Regression Analysis: Univariate analysis revealed that age, postmenopausal status, marital history, parity, coexisting multiple sclerosis, PNI, AGR, SIRI, and history of benign breast surgery were associated with inflammatory breast cancer in women. Multivariate analysis indicated that age, postmenopausal status, coexisting multiple sclerosis, decreased PNI, elevated SIRI, and history of benign breast surgery were independent risk factors for inflammatory breast cancer in women. Conclusions Advanced age, postmenopausal status, concomitant metabolic syndrome, decreased PNI, and elevated SIRI are independent risk factors for invasive breast cancer in women. A history of benign breast surgery may serve as a protective factor. Clinicians should enhance screening and intervention for high-risk populations based on these factors.