Mediating Role of Resilience and Adaptation in the Relationship Between Climate Change Anxiety and Mental Health: A Study in Six Provinces of Iran

Abstract

Objectives Climate change can affect individuals’ physical and mental health. The present study aims to evaluate the mediating role of resilience and adaptation in the relationship between climate change anxiety and mental health. Methods This is a correlational study utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM). The study population included all members of the Iranian Red Crescent Society in six provinces of Iran exposed to climate change (Khuzestan, Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman, Sistan & Baluchestan, and South Khorasan) in 2024. A total of 1196 people were selected using cluster random sampling and convenience sampling methods. Data were collected using the 25-item symptom checklist, the eco-anxiety scale, the Connor-Davidson resilience scale, and the adaptation questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson’s correlation test and path analysis in SPSS software, version 24 and AMOS software, version 24. Results There was a significant positive relationship between climate change anxiety and mental health (P<0.01, r=0.41) and between adaptation and mental health (P<0.01, r=0.57), while a significant negative relationship was observed between resilience and mental health (P<0.01, r=-0.39). The indirect effect of climate change anxiety on mental health was significant through adaptation and resilience (P<0.001). Conclusion Climate change anxiety has an indirect relationship with the mental health of people through resilience and adaptation.