Jul 2026· Genetics and Molecular Research· 0 citations· 14 references
TL;DR
Serum C-peptide showed significant negative correlations with HbA1c, duration of diabetes, and daily insulin dose, and significant positive correlations with age at diagnosis and BMI, and may be useful as a supportive biomarker for individualized diabetes management.
Abstract
Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by progressive destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in reduced endogenous insulin secretion. Serum C-peptide is a reliable biomarker of residual β-cell function, while HbA1c reflects long-term glycaemic control. This study was conducted to evaluate the association between serum C-peptide and HbA1c among paediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Government Cuddalore Medical College and Hospital, over a period of 18 months. A total of 45 children and adolescents aged 1–18 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus receiving regular insulin therapy were included by consecutive sampling. Demographic details, disease duration, BMI, daily insulin requirement, serum C-peptide, and HbA1c levels were recorded. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, comparison of means, and correlation analysis. Results: The majority of participants belonged to the 6–10 years age group (37.8%), and males constituted 53.3% of the study population. Serum C-peptide levels ≤0.6 ng/mL were observed in 64.4% of children, while 35.6% had levels >0.6 ng/mL. The mean HbA1c was 8.94 ± 1.42%. Mean HbA1c declined progressively with increasing C-peptide categories, from 10.5 ± 1.0% among children with C-peptide <0.2 ng/mL to 7.8 ± 1.0% among those with C-peptide >0.6 ng/mL, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Serum C-peptide showed significant negative correlations with HbA1c, duration of diabetes, and daily insulin dose, and significant positive correlations with age at diagnosis and BMI. Conclusion: Serum C-peptide was significantly associated with HbA1c among paediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Lower C-peptide levels were associated with poorer glycaemic control and higher insulin requirement. C-peptide estimation may be useful as a supportive biomarker for individualized diabetes management.
Higher levels and strong positive correlation between HbA1c and C-peptide-especially in diabetics-suggests increased insulin secretion in response to poor glycemic control and insulin resistance.
N. Sridevi, N. Chowdeswari, A. N. Lakshmi et al.· International Journal of Res...· 0 citations
Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a common health problem characterised by chronically elevated blood glucose along with associated metabolic disorders. New research articles suggest that Vitamin D may impact both the release of insulin as well as how the body reacts to insulin. Objective: To measure HbA1c (a marker for long term blood sugar control) and serum Vitamin D levels in people with T2DM and to explore any relationship between them. Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study with unmatched controls conducted among 50 individuals with T2DM and 50 individuals without diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care center. Glycaemic control was assessed by HbA1c and Vitamin D status was determined by measuring serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations using standard techniques. Results: Vitamin D levels in those with diabetes (17.76 ± 5.29 ng/mL) were significantly lower than controls (44.31 ± 11.87 ng/mL, p<0.001). The mean HbA1c values were also higher in the diabetic group (11.43 ± 1.88%) than controls (5.41 ± 0.58%, p<0.001). In the diabetic subjects, 74% were deficient in vitamin D. Diabetic patients also had higher levels of fasting and postprandial glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides and lower HDL cholesterol (p<0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between Vitamin D and HbA1c (r = -0.186), fasting blood sugar (r = 0.003) and postprandial blood sugar (r = -0.083) but these were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Although the diabetic group had poorer glycaemic profiles and lower Vitamin D, there was no significant association between Vitamin D status and glycaemic control in this study.
C. Janani, A. Saravanan, B. Anitha· NATIONAL BOARD OF EXAMINATIO...· 0 citations
C-peptide can be used as an appropriate index for identifying IR in T2DM patients with complications and illustrated the clinical utility of C-peptide in microvascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy.
K. Siddiqui, S. Joy, S. Nawaz et al.· Medicine· 0 citations
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with dyslipidemia, increasing cardiovascular risk.
Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) reflects long-term glycemic control and may influence lipid metabolism, though
findings remain inconsistent.
Aim: To investigate the association between HbA1c and lipid profile in patients with T2DM.
Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 488 adults (≥45 years) with T2DM at
Himalaya Medical College and Hospital, Patna, India. Data on demographics, HbA1c, fasting glucose, and lipid
parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, HDL-c) were extracted from medical records. Pearson
correlation, independent t-tests, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed using SPSS v26.
Results: Mean HbA1c was 8.38 ± 1.74%. Dyslipidemia was prevalent: 34.6% had high total cholesterol, 34.8%
elevated triglycerides, 59.8% high LDL-c, and 40% low HDL-c. Regression analysis revealed HbA1c was a
significant positive predictor of total cholesterol (β=2.502, p=0.043) and triglycerides (β=7.842, p<0.001), but not
LDL-c or HDL-c. Gender, age, diastolic blood pressure, and BMI also influenced lipid levels. Females exhibited
higher HbA1c and more adverse lipid profiles than males.
Conclusion: Poor glycemic control in T2DM is associated with adverse lipid alterations, particularly elevated
total cholesterol and triglycerides. Integrated management addressing both glycemia and lipid abnormalities is
essential to reduce cardiovascular risk.
Ghanshyam Jha· International Journal of Pha...· 0 citations
Background: Dyslipidemia is a common metabolic abnormality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and contributes significantly to cardiovascular complications. Objective: To evaluate the correlation of HbA1c with lipid profile among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study included 110 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from June 2024 to June 2025. Demographic data, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, and VLDL-C were recorded. Patients were categorized into good glycemic control (HbA1c <7%) and poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥7%) groups. Results: The mean age was 55.2 ± 10.8 years, and the mean HbA1c was 8.4 ± 1.7%. Poor glycemic control was observed in 68 (61.8%) patients. Patients with HbA1c ≥7% had higher total cholesterol (212.8 ± 37.5 vs. 176.9 ± 29.4 mg/dL), triglycerides (205.6 ± 58.9 vs. 148.7 ± 41.6 mg/dL), LDL-C (134.7 ± 30.5 vs. 102.8 ± 23.1 mg/dL), and VLDL-C (41.2 ± 11.8 vs. 29.7 ± 8.3 mg/dL), while HDL-C was lower (38.8 ± 6.6 vs. 45.9 ± 7.3 mg/dL). HbA1c showed significant positive correlations with total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, and VLDL-C, and a negative correlation with HDL-C. Conclusion: HbA1c was significantly associated with lipid abnormalities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and may serve as a useful marker for identifying patients at increased cardiovascular risk.
Hashmat Ullah Khan, Hafiz Bilal Hassan, Meeran Atta et al.· Genetics and Molecular Resea...· 0 citations
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common chronic metabolic disorders affecting millions of people worldwide. Multiple factors appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 DM). One of these factors may be iron overload. Increased serum ferritin concentrations in non-pathologic conditions, reflecting subclinical iron overload, have been reported to be associated with insulin resistance and an increased risk of Type 2 DM. The study aims to evaluate the association of serum ferritin level with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted during the period from June 2022 to May 2023 in the Department of Biochemistry at Chittagong Medical College Hospital. The study consists of 110 study population out of which 55 were type 2 diabetic patients and 55 were non- diabetic subjects included by non probability purposive sampling. Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Postprandial Blood Sugar (PPBS), HbA1c, serum ferritin and Hb% were calculated following standard protocol. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v26.0 statistics.
Results: The mean serum ferritin level of the diabetic patients was 146.45 ± 32.11µg/L, significantly higher (p<0.001) than that of the non-diabetic (104.96 ± 22.0 µg/L) group. The mean HbA1c level in the diabetic group was 8.32±1.02 and that in the non-diabetic group was 5.64±0.29. Serum ferritin levels were positively correlated with HbA1c with r =0.59 and p-value <0.001. The correlation of ferritin with duration of diabetes also showed a positive correlation with r =0.39 and p-value < 0.01.
Conclusion: The results of this study concluded that there were a strong association and positive correlation between serum ferritin level and poor glycemic status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus when compared to non-diabetic individuals. Serum ferritin was also well associated and positively correlated with HbA1c levels.
IAHS Medical Journal Vol 8(2), December 2025; 76-79
Meghna Barua, Md Hafizul Islam, Shantanu Dutta et al.· IAHS Medical Journal· 0 citations
