Faster-WAM, an instantiation of DoT for WAMs, which docks a single-layer action head onto a 30-layer video backbone, achieves competitive performance on LIBERO and RoboTwin 2.0 while demonstrating strong out-of-distribution generalization on LIBERO-Plus.
Abstract
World Action Models (WAMs) couple robot action prediction with video world models. Existing WAMs with shared-backbone and Mixture-of-Transformers designs generally tie the depth of the action module to that of the video backbone, resulting in substantial computational overhead and high inference latency. To address this limitation, we introduce Dock of Transformer (DoT), a video-centric design principle that treats a pretrained video Transformer as a representation hub and connects lightweight output-heads through docking interfaces. This enables flexible output-head design while providing direct access to representations from all layers of the backbone. We then introduce \textbf{Faster-WAM}, an instantiation of DoT for WAMs, which docks a single-layer action head onto a 30-layer video backbone. The docking interface fuses keys and values from all video layers and applies RoPE realignment. Without additional embodied pretraining, Faster-WAM achieves competitive performance on LIBERO and RoboTwin 2.0 while demonstrating strong out-of-distribution generalization on LIBERO-Plus. Faster-WAM also achieves the lowest end-to-end latency in our controlled comparison, requiring only 66.5 ms per inference --- a \(3.2\times\) speedup over Fast-WAM. Overall, these results demonstrate that the video-centric DoT architecture supports flexible task-specific head design while delivering low inference latency, strong action-prediction performance, and robust generalization.
JEPA-WAM, a latent WAM built in a pretrained V-JEPA space, which couples latent transition prediction with continuous action generation through a shared predictor, predicts a spatially structured joint current-future target that captures task-shared visual temporal structure between current and future observations, whi...
Yi-Han Lin, Jia-Wei He, Shi-Feng Bao et al.· 12 citations· ⚡1
WAM-OPD, a deployment-consistent post-training recipe for a video-first WAM, is introduced and it is suggested that dense teacher supervision on student-induced histories is a promising post-training interface for video-first WAMs.
Liu Yang, Zhuang Jiang, Chenchao Sheng et al.· 2 citations
SimWAM, a simple yet effective WAM that leverages future-video prediction as a training-time supervision signal, co-trains a pretrained video expert and a lightweight action expert with joint flow matching and applies reinforcement learning to optimize a compositional driving reward beyond trajectory imitation.
Zongchuang Zhao, Xin Zhou, Tianyang Xu et al.· 4 citations
LiLa-WAM is proposed, a lightweight world-action model that reasons about the future in a compact latent space and can be trained end-to-end on a single 24GB GPU and the Visual Transition Token (VTT), a language-free task representation that encodes each task as a direction in visual feature space.
Fan Yang, Yu-Ting Su, Xiaobo Wang et al.· 9 citations
MobileWAM surpasses state-of-the-art mobile manipulation policies on ManiSkill-HAB and fine-tunes to a real ARX Lift2 mobile manipulator across diverse tasks with strong generalization.
Ze-Hua Fan, Jun-Jie He, Wen-Xuan Song et al.· 3 citations· ⚡1
A policy that is exceptionally demonstration-efficient and generalizes well, beating the strongest baselines by up to 2-7$\times$ on dexterous, precise, real-world bimanual manipulation tasks both in and out of distribution, all while running faster than $\pi_{0.5}$.
Ge Yan, Jinghao Liu, Yuzhi Fan et al.· 10 citations· ⚡4
Robots are getting smarter, but how can their hardware match that growth? New Microsoft Research findings show that moving AI inference beyond the robot can improve task success, boost efficiency, and support more advanced physical AI workloads. The post Offloaded inference for real-world physical AI robotics appeared first on Microsoft Research.