RUSSIAN-CHECHEN BILINGUALISM: SPEECH BEHAVIOUR STRATEGIES AND SELF-IDENTIFICATION

Abstract

Abstract. The relevance of the study is determined by the insufficient knowledge of the sociolinguistic aspects of Russian-Chechen bilingualism, particularly the speech behavior strategies of speakers and their connection to ethno-cultural self-identification. The aim of the paper is to identify and describe these strategies through the analysis of interference, code-switching, and metalinguistic reflection. The methodology includes field data collection: monologues from 20 informants of different ages and social statuses from the Chechen Republic were recorded and transcribed. The analysis employed discourse analysis, content analysis, linguistic description, and elements of quantitative statistics. The results revealed that structural interference in the speech of active speakers is minimal, while code-switching serves as a conscious pragmatic strategy performing nominative, quotative, and emotional-evaluative functions. Metalinguistic statements unequivocally indicate the perception of the Chechen language as a fundamental basis of ethnic identity, inextricably linked to the value system of “ghillak-özdangalla” (customs and etiquette). Based on dominant speech practices, three types of bilinguals were identified: “keepers of traditions”, “adaptive bilinguals”, and “historical storytellers”. The conclusions emphasize the high vitality of the Chechen language and its stabilizing role, which is of practical importance for developing educational programs and language policy in multi-ethnic regions.