The Role of Chimeric Antigen Receptor Regulatory T Cells in Promoting Immune Tolerance in Solid Organ Transplantation: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential
Aug 2026· Saudi Medical Journal· Vol 47, pp. 1460 - 1473· 0 citations· 84 references
Medicine
TL;DR
The usage of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) regulatory T (Treg) cells is a promising approach to induce transplant tolerance while minimizing dependence on immunosuppressants.
Abstract
Summary Solid organ transplantation (SOT) is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage organ failure; however, lifelong immunosuppressant use is needed to prevent allograft rejection. These drugs increase the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, liver, kidney, and lung cancers, and heighten susceptibility to oncogenic viruses, including hepatitis B and Epstein-Barr virus. The usage of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) regulatory T (Treg) cells is a promising approach to induce transplant tolerance while minimizing dependence on immunosuppressants. The CAR Tregs offer the potential to enhance graft survival and quality of life by reducing immunosuppressant-related morbidity and mortality. Despite remarkable progress in transplantation tolerance, challenges remain owing to a limited understanding of Treg biology and technical barriers. This review discusses the implications of immunosuppression, CAR and CAR Treg biology, mechanisms of Treg-mediated tolerance, CAR Treg manufacturing, clinical trials, optimization strategies, and existing challenges and future directions for CAR Treg-based therapies in SOT.
Viral infections remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), particularly in patients with delayed immune reconstitution or prolonged immunosuppression. Although antiviral drugs have substantially reduced the incidence of viral disease, their use is l...
E. Weissinger, Lisanne Schulz, Débora Basílio-Queirós et al.· Biomolecules· 0 citations
Organ transplantation (OT) involves moving organs, tissues, or cellular material from a donor to a recipient to provide essential treatment for organ failure. Despite the high global numbers of transplants, including common procedures such as kidney, pancreas, liver, heart, lung, and intestine transplants, challenges r...
H. Maoz, A. Elalouf· Transplant Immunology· 0 citations
Abstract Kidney transplantation is the optimal treatment for end-stage renal disease, yet long-term graft survival remains limited by allograft rejection. While T and B cells and donor-specific antibodies (DSA) have been the main focus, accumulating evidence indicates that natural killer (NK) cells play a significant d...
Anna Skotny, P. Poznański, K. Kościelska-Kasprzak et al.· Archivum Immunologiae et The...· 0 citations
This review systematically examines the immunological rationale and major clinical strategies (T-cell depletion, costimulation blockade, mixed chimerism, and regulatory cell therapy) and proposes four novel sequential regimens with explicit evidence levels based on efficacy, safety, and feasibility.
Ya-Chao Li, Fu-Xia Chen, Xia He et al.· Frontiers in Immunology· 0 citations
This review synthesizes contemporary breakthroughs in HSCT biology, technology, and clinical application, critically examines unresolved barriers, and highlights future directions, including Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven predictive analytics, universal donor platforms, and equitable global access strategies.
M. Abah, Ovwigho Ugbede, Oghenetejiri C et al.· DS Reviews of Research in Li...· 0 citations
Kidney transplantation remains the most effective treatment for end-stage kidney disease; however, long-term graft survival is constrained by rejection and chronic graft injury, and donor shortages continue to drive interest in xenotransplantation. The complement system is increasingly recognized both as a terminal eff...
Y. Kakuta, Shuji Miyagawa, Shunsuke Mori et al.· Frontiers in Immunology· 0 citations
We use cookies to run the site and, with your consent, for analytics and to show ads.
See our Cookie Policy.
