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Jul 2026

REENCHANTMENT, INEFFABILITY, AND “THE DIALECTIC OF NOMINALISM”

Martin Jay's newest book, Magical Nominalism: The Historical Event, Aesthetic Reenchantment, and the Photograph , aims to reveal the presence of a third current of thought in modern thinking. This current, which he calls “magical nominalism,” does not fit the traditional dichotomies (voluntarism–determinism, subjectivism–realism, and so on) around which the field's prevailing narratives are organized. As he shows, magical nominalism participates in the process of destroying the Scholastic idea of a perfectly ordered cosmos (an idea that was initiated by nominalism in the fourteenth century) but introduces into the nominalist matrix of thought a reference to an ontological dimension of reality that was initially absent from it. However, as he insists, magical nominalism does not constitute a homogeneous current. This form of thinking resists definition in unequivocal terms. Studying it therefore requires an approach that is capable of articulating a plurality of views.

E. Palti · 0 citations
Open access Jul 2026

Before and After Revelation: Qirqisānī on Human Reason as the Source of Moral and Religious Knowledge (With a Note on the Rationalism of Rav Saʿadya Gaʾon): A Chapter in 10th Century Karaite Thought

This article examines the limits of human reason as a source of moral and religious knowledge in the thought of the tenth-century Karaite scholar Yaʿqūb al-Qirqisānī. While Qirqisānī assigns reason a central role in theology, legal analogy, and dialectical deliberation, the article focuses on a neglected dimension of his thought: the epistemological status of morally neutral actions—those neither intrinsically obligatory nor forbidden. Through close analysis of chapter 51 of the fourth treatise of the Kitāb al-Anwār wa-al-Marāqib, it is shown that Qirqisānī proposes a tripartite framework—necessity, rational morality, and revelation—arguing that the status of neutral actions cannot be determined by reason alone and requires explicit divine legislation. This positivist stance is contrasted with that of Rav Saʿadya Gaʾon, who holds that reason, grounded in the premise of God’s goodness, can establish the permissibility of beneficial actions without explicit revelation. Additional perspectives from Yefet ben ʿEli complicate the assumption that this debate mapped neatly onto the Rabbanite–Karaite divide. The article situates Qirqisānī’s position within contemporary Muslim theological debates on the moral status of human actions before revelation.

Aviram Ravitsky · 0 citations
Aug 2026

Julian Augustus (and Philosopher): Between Self-Representation and Reality

This note offers a critical appraisal of Jeremy Swist's Julian Augustus: Platonism, Myth, and the Refounding of Rome (Oxford University Press, 2025), a significant contribution to the study of the emperor Julian within late-antique imperial ideology. The discussion engages with Swist's central arguments: his reconstruction of Julian's Iamblichean foundations of kingship, his vision of Rome as the providential culmination of Hellenic civilisation, and his self-fashioning as an Augustan imperial refounder. While largely endorsing Swist's integrative approach and his interpretation of the Caesars as a theurgic allegory, the analysis challenges his tendency to reduce Julian's Neoplatonism to its ritual-theurgical dimension, arguing that Julian's theological writings reveal a substantive philosophical engagement with Iamblichean metaphysics. Additionally, the article calls for greater attention to Julian's complex dialectical relationship with contemporary Christianity, which shaped his thought through both polemical opposition and subtle conceptual absorption.

Unknown authors · 0 citations
Open access Aug 2026

Husserl and Twardowski: Two Paths for the Reform of Logic

This paper reconstructs, in a historical and critical perspective, the Brentanian project of a reform of logic and the bifurcation that emerges between Twardowski and Husserl. Against the widespread tendency to frame the Austro-Polish debates through the metaphysical opposition realism/idealism, it argues that the decisive issue concerns the constitution and scope of a formally sound yet epistemologically relevant logic. Building on Brentano's reduction of judgment to existential acceptance or rejection, the paper highlights how "modification" becomes the operator through which predicative judgments are transformed into existential form. It then examines Twardowski's theory of logical modification—grounded in the distinction between attributive and modifying adjectives and in the thesis that representation does not posit existence—and shows how this framework motivates his account of intentional (in-)existence and his stance on general objects. Husserl's critique, by contrast, relocates modification within a phenomenological theory of meaning and intentionality: nominalization, suppositio materialis, and especially neutralization articulate a layered system of logical and intentional modifications. The paper concludes that Husserl's reform opens a systematic place for modalizations (possibility, necessity, probability) as constitutive features of meaning and noematic content.

C. Lobo · 0 citations
Open access Jul 2026

Compensating for the Zero: An Adlerian Analysis of Inferiority and Moral Construction in Black Clover

This study aims to comprehensively identify the psychological factors driving Asta’s struggle to become the Wizard King in the anime Black Clover from an Adlerian perspective, and to interpret how this struggle shapes moral messages based on Nurgiyantoro's metrics. While previous studies have focused on linguistic and semiotic aspects of the series, this study provides the first dedicated psychological framework for understanding its protagonist's developmental arc. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach with content analysis, the research analyzes primary data consisting of scenes and dialogues from the anime. The findings reveal that Asta’s psychological journey begins with an absolute inferiority feeling due to being born without magic in a society that idolizes it. He counteracts this limitation by establishing a fictional finalism of becoming the Wizard King and actively striving for superiority through extreme physical training, which is fundamentally guided by a profound social interest. Furthermore, this continuous Adlerian struggle manifests as distinct moral values including extreme mental resilience, a never-give-up spirit, the dignity of hard work, courage, and altruism, transmitted through his attitudes, actions, and consequences. Ultimately, the study concludes that Asta’s narrative is a concrete illustration of healthy psychological coping mechanisms and offers significant character-building didactic values, proving the enduring relevance of classical Adlerian theory in contemporary visual media.

Virel Taqi Mahendra Suryoseno, Abdillah Nugroho · 0 citations
Open access Aug 2026

Os “fantasmas da verdade”

This article analyzes the constitution of the enunciative subject and the polyphonic management of responsibility, examining how points of view (POV) are staged in discourse. Situated within the framework of Integrated Discourse Analysis (IDA) and building on Ducrot's polyphonic theory, Berrendonner's linguistic pragmatics, and Rabatel's Theory of Points of View, the study employs a pragmatic framework to investigate dialogic interactionism. The study adopts a qualitative, enunciation-based analysis of heterogeneous textual fragments. The findings reveal the dynamics between locutors and dialogic enunciators, showing that the imputation and implicit validation of contents (quasi-PEC) give rise to what the paper calls the "phantoms of truth" - an enunciative spectrality through which subjects naturalize presuppositions and validate assertions via enunciative erasure and disinscription, without taking direct responsibility for what is said. The study concludes that command of enunciative postures and the exercise of empathic mobility not only structure textual asymmetries but also serve as fundamental ethical principles for dialogic decentering and the dismantling of dogmatism.

Stener Carvalho Fernandes Barbosa · 0 citations