Behavioral change communication interventions such as media campaigns, community education, and dialogue guided by theory of planned behavior, should focus on addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and reducing the negative influence of referents to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
Abstract
The high coverage of vaccination, which may be measured by the number of those successfully convinced to take vaccination, is a key factor in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. This, however, appears to be linked to the precise identification of the underlying factors for intention to take vaccine. Besides these, there were no studies that showed the prevalence and predictors of intention to take COVID-19 vaccine in the study area. The study aimed to assess intention to take COVID-19 vaccination and predictors among adult residents of Jimma town, Oromia, Southwest Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 10 to 25, 2022 among 627 adult residents of Jimma town from. A Multistage sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 25 software. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors of intention to take COVID-19 vaccine. P-value < 0.05 with 95% CI was considered to indicate a significant association. Of the 627 study participants, 346 (55.2%); (95% CI: 51.0%-59.2%) have the intention to take COVID-19 vaccine. Among the constructs of theory of planned behavior, direct (AOR = 1.96; 95% CI: ( 1.12-3.43) and indirect Perceived behavioral control (AOR = 1.22; 95% CI: (1.06-1.41), direct attitude (AOR = 2.38; 95% CI: (1.32-4.41), and direct subjective norms (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI: (1.06-2.36), had statistically significant association with respondents' intention to take COVID-19 vaccine. In this study, 55.2% of adults in Jimma town intended to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Direct attitude, direct subjective norms, direct PBC, and indirect PBC have been predicted as adults' intention to take COVID-19 vaccination. Behavioral change communication interventions such as media campaigns, community education, and dialogue guided by theory of planned behavior, should focus on addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and reducing the negative influence of referents to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
Men were significantly more than twice as likely to receive the booster dose compared to females, while individuals who had positive attitudes toward the booster dose were up to 5 times more likely to be vaccinated.
Mohammed J. Almalki, Amani A Alotaibi· Frontiers in Public Health· 0 citations
Background and Objectives: Vaccine hesitancy is defined as a delay in acceptance of vaccines despite its availability, caused by many determinants. This study aimed to assess the level of COVID vaccine hesitancy among parents of children aged 15 to 18 years in Puducherry and to find out the associated factors with vaccine hesitancy. Materials and Methods: A Community based Cross-sectional study conducted among 245 parents of children aged 15- 18 years who were residing in rural field practice area of a medical college in Puducherry by using Systematic random sampling during January to March 2021. Vaccine hesitancy scale adopted from WHO’s Strategic Advisory Group of Immunization (SAGE) was used and proportion and Chi-square were carried using SPSS software. Results: The mean age of the participants were 48 years with standard deviation of 7.3. Of the overall participants,159 (64.6%) were females and 87 (35.4%) were males. Around 20.3% of parents had hesitation in vaccinating their children. Higher proportion of the parents mentioned the fear of death and side effects are the reasons for not vaccinating their children. Conclusions: Health education on safety, effectiveness of covid vaccine should be addressed to the community with effective engagement of health care professionals can reduce the covid vaccine hesitancy.
V. Sudha, V. Nagavalli, K. Sevvanthi et al.· NATIONAL BOARD OF EXAMINATIO...· 0 citations
Background: Local vaccine manufacturing is being pursued across Africa to improve pandemic preparedness and reduce reliance on imports. In Nigeria, where COVID-19 vaccines were largely imported, willingness to accept locally produced vaccines is important for sustainable domestic production. The objective of this study was to estimate willingness to accept a locally manufactured COVID-19 vaccine among adults in Lagos, Nigeria, and to identify demographic predictors. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of adults in Lagos State from 7 September to 16 September 2024, using a questionnaire administered in four open-air markets. The primary outcome was willingness to accept a COVID-19 vaccine manufactured in Nigeria (yes/no). We summarized respondent characteristics, tested bivariate associations using chi-square tests, and estimated adjusted odds ratios (AORs) using multivariable logistic regression. Model calibration and discrimination were assessed using Hosmer–Lemeshow testing and the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results: Of 388 consenting respondents, 335 provided complete data (86.3%). Respondents were predominantly female (60.6%); the largest age groups were 25–34 (30.2%) and 35–44 (28.4%) years. Overall, 75.8% reported willingness to accept a Nigerian-made COVID-19 vaccine. Willingness differed by age group (p = 0.0028; trend p = 0.0002) and religion (p = 0.0403). In adjusted models, respondents aged 45–54 years (aOR 6.54; 95% CI: 1.73–24.79) and 55–64 years (aOR 4.97; 95% CI: 1.05–23.55) had higher odds of acceptance than those aged 18–24 years. Christian affiliation was associated with lower odds than Muslim affiliation (aOR 0.41; 95% CI: 0.20–0.83). Discrimination was acceptable (AUC 0.75; 95% CI: 0.69–0.80). Conclusions: Most respondents were willing to accept a Nigerian-made COVID-19 vaccine, suggesting demand-side readiness. Confidence-building strategies tailored to younger adults and implemented with faith-based and community institutions may support uptake of locally produced vaccines.
T. Aremu, O. Okoro, C. Gaither et al.· COVID· 0 citations
Background/aim: Vaccines reduce morbidity and mortality caused by infectious diseases that threaten public health. Lifelong immunization programs are essential for the entire population. This study assessed adult vaccination uptake for influenza, pneumococcal, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in Türkiye and examined the barriers and factors influencing vaccination decisions.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional survey was designed and conducted by the Immunization Working Group of the Turkish Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. A 19-item questionnaire was administered to individuals aged 18 years or older to assess influenza, pneumococcal, and COVID-19 vaccination status. The questionnaire collected data on demographic characteristics, healthcare worker (HCW) status, chronic diseases, vaccination history, vaccine preferences, and reasons for nonvaccination.
Results: The influenza vaccination rate among all participants was 28%, with the highest rate observed among participants aged ≥65 years (49%). Multivariate analysis revealed that age ≥65 years, HCW status, and the presence of a chronic disease were independently associated with influenza vaccination (p < 0.001). Pneumococcal vaccination rates were higher among individuals with chronic diseases and those aged ≥65 years (p < 0.01). Among chronic diseases, the highest vaccination rate was observed in participants with coronary artery disease. The COVID-19 vaccination rate was 95%. The most common reasons for nonvaccination were the perception that influenza (39%) and pneumococcal (21%) vaccination was unnecessary, whereas unwillingness to be vaccinated (44%) and concerns about side effects (32%) predominated for COVID-19 vaccination.
Conclusions: Vaccination coverage remains low in Türkiye, even among high-risk groups. Although vaccination rates increased during the pandemic, greater public awareness and educational efforts are still needed.
Gamze Şanlıdağ İşbilen, S. Gençer, H. Pullukçu et al.· Turkish Journal of Medical S...· 0 citations
High rates of COVID-19 vaccination among PLHIV on ART in Uganda are found, and lack of confidence in the safety of the vaccine was the primary barrier to uptake.
Taing N Aung, Winnie Muyindike, Susanne S. Hoeppner et al.· Vaccine· 0 citations
INTRODUCTION
Immunization is a fundamental health component preventing an estimated 2.5 million deaths annually. Despite the documented successes of immunization, disparities of vaccine uptake exist in low- and middle-income countries and across their respective communities. This research assessed the barriers related to recall-based vaccination uptake among communities in Kigali city, the capital of Rwanda.
METHODS
A mixed-methods study was implemented on a sample of 210 households and communities across the three districts of the City of Kigali. The quantitative study used a multistage sampling technique according to the WHO Immunization Coverage Survey to select the households from the districts of Kigali city. While the 3 focus group discussions and 6 interviews were implemented in communities not included in the quantitative survey. A thematic analysis was performed on the qualitative data. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 23 and summarized numerically and graphically. Statistical tests performed for association were Chi-square tests and a binary logistic regression was used to establish the relationship between recall-based vaccine uptake and its associated factors. All statistical tests were considered significant when p < 0.05.
RESULTS
Quantitative findings of this study reported that all 155 children ≤ 6 years were vaccinated. It also divided the barriers into four main categories: decision barriers, information barriers, accessibility barriers, and challenges in health facilities. A binary logistic regression predicted recall-based vaccine uptake based on 11 explanatory variables. The variables statistically significant were age and household size, with respective p < 0.001, and knowledge of vaccine-preventable diseases with a p-value of 0.038. Qualitatively, FGDs and interviews revealed fear of side effects, denial of vaccination in absence of husbands, long waiting time and poor communication from providers in facilities as factors that discourage attendance for immunization.
CONCLUSION
Barriers to recall-based categorization of vaccination frequency were mainly health system-related challenges, including insufficient supplies, costs for pregnant women for first-time vaccinations and denial vaccination in the absence of husbands. These findings call upon Rwandan health authorities and partners to address predictors of vaccination behavior associated with systemic challenges, intentional refusal and enhance immunization service delivery.
A. M. Hassan, Asawir Mohammed, Hiba Makki et al.· BMC Public Health· 0 citations