It is demonstrated that elimination of the tan spot susceptibility gene Tsc2 through conventional breeding using a diagnostic marker or disruption of Tsc2 by gene editing can be used to improve tan spot resistance in wheat.
Abstract
Tan spot is an economically important fungal disease of wheat that occurs globally. In this necrotrophic pathosystem, pathogen effectors are recognized by wheat genes in an inverse gene-for-gene manner, leading to the hijacking of host defense mechanisms and ultimately disease susceptibility. Here, we identified the tan spot susceptibility gene
Tsc2
through positional cloning, mutagenesis, and transgenic complementation.
Tsc2
encodes a diverged form of the exocyst subunit Exo70FX15 that localizes to the nucleus and cytoplasm and does not interact directly with the fungal effector. A 21‑nucleotide deletion in
Tsc2
occurred in durum wheat more than a century ago and subsequently spread to common wheat through breeding practices, which allowed recognition of the pathogen effector and subsequent hijacking of the host immune system. We demonstrate that elimination of
Tsc2
through conventional breeding using a diagnostic marker or disruption of
Tsc2
by gene editing can be used to improve tan spot resistance in wheat.
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Wheat stripe rust, caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus
Puccinia striiformis
f. sp.
tritici
(
Pst
), poses a major threat to global wheat production. Although breeding resistant cultivars remains the most effective strategy for controlling stripe rust, resistance conferred by race-specific genes is of...
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