Dietary banana peels modulate waterborne oxyfluorfen-induced hepatotoxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) via regulation of redox homeostasis and ER stress signaling

Nigella sativa oil ameliorates malathion-ınduced toxicity in Nile tilapia: a multi-systemic and molecular evaluation

It is demonstrated that dietary Nigella sativa oil effectively mitigates malathion-induced toxic effects and offers a comprehensive insight into the protective mechanisms of black cumin oil in aquaculture.

Recuperative efficacy of Amphora coffeaeformis-enriched diet on immunotoxicological, hematobiochemical alterations, oxidative stress, proinflammatory genes disorder, and histopathological changes caused by cypermethrin toxicity in Nile tilapia.

This work investigates the potential protective effects of the diatom Amphora coffeaeformis as a feed additive against the deleterious effects (primarily on immune organs) of cypermethrin (CYP) in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, with respect to hematology, immune/antioxidant parameters, biochemical indices, proinflammatory and apoptotic regulatory genes, and tissue architecture. For subacute exposure, a total of 240 healthy O. niloticus (30 ± 2.5 g) were allocated into four groups in triplicate (20 fish/replicate). The control and AMP groups were fed a basal diet and a 5% A. coffeaeformis supplement, respectively. The CYP and AMP+CYP groups were fed a basal diet and a 5% A. coffeaeformis supplement, respectively, and exposed to sublethal concentrations of CYP for 21 days. A substantial decrease in hematological indices (RBCs, Hb, PCV, and WBCs) and immune/antioxidant parameters (phagocytic and respiratory burst activities, GSH, TAC, SOD, and CAT) was observed with CYP exposure. Additionally, notable increases were observed in serum levels of hepatorenal indicators (ALT, AST, ALP, urea, creatinine, and uric acid), the lipid profile (cholesterol and triglycerides), the MDA lipid peroxidation biomarker, and pro-inflammatory IL1β and apoptotic Cas3 gene expression. Furthermore, hepatic and splenic tissues were severely affected by CYP exposure. Feeding CYP-exposed fish an A. coffeaeformis diet significantly improved hematological indices, immune/antioxidant status, hepatorenal function, and lipid profile, and decreased expression of the stress protein HSP70 and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1β, TNFα, and CC1- chemokine) and the apoptotic Cas3 gene compared with CYP-exposed fish. Additionally, tissue architecture improved following A. coffeaeformis supplementation. Overall, A. coffeaeformis diets could be enriched as a feed supplement in the O. niloticus diet to alleviate adverse effects on fish health and immune response during CYP exposure.

Comparative Toxicity of PFAS in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus): Oxidative Stress, Nephro-Immunotoxicit, and Histopathological Alterations

Assessment of molecular and biochemical biomarkers in Oreochromis niloticus following acute exposure to the pesticide ZEUS®.

The increasing use of pyrethroids and neonicotinoids, such as those present in the commercial formulation ZEUSⓇ (Ihara, Brazil), has raised environmental concerns attributed to enhanced risk of aquatic contamination. Fish are valuable bioindicators due to their ability to bioaccumulate and metabolically respond to contaminants. This study evaluated the acute effects of ZEUSⓇ exposure in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) using biochemical and molecular biomarkers. Male juvenile fish (n = 10 per treatment) were exposed for 24 hr to ZEUSⓇ at 0.05, 0.1, or 0.2 mg/L. Hepatic gene transcription of genes related to xenobiotic biotransformation, antioxidant defense, inflammation, and apoptosis was assessed, together with glutathione S-transferase (Gst) and catalase (Cat) activities and lipid peroxidation levels. Lambda-cyhalothrin and dinotefuran were not detected in the muscle tissue. Biomarker responses revealed a significant 4-fold downregulation of carboxylesterase (cbe3) transcription at 0.1 mg/L, and a 40% reduction in Gst activity at 0.2 mg/L. Lipid peroxidation increased approximately 6-fold and 8-fold at 0.05 and 0.2 mg/L, respectively. No significant changes were observed in antioxidant-, inflammatory-, or apoptosis-related gene transcription. These findings indicate that acute ZEUSⓇ exposure alters detoxification processes and induces oxidative lipid damage, indicating the need for longer-term studies evaluating tissue-specific responses and bioaccumulation dynamics.

Ethanolic Citrus sinensis peel mitigates resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate)-induced testicular toxicity in Wistar rats through oxido-inflammatory pathways.

RDP induces testicular dysfunction through oxidative-inflammatory and mitochondrial pathways, whereas EECS exerts protective effects via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, suggesting that EECS may be a promising agent against RDP-induced reproductive toxicity.

Beyond self-recovery: dietary artichoke leaf extract accelerates tissue regeneration and redox homeostasis in deltamethrin-intoxicated Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)