Aug 2026· Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science· Vol 14, pp. 556 - 574· 1 citation· 78 references
Medicine
Abstract
Autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) likely share some common developmental pathways, suggesting the potential for overlapping early risk factors, including aspects of temperament. We employed a transdiagnostic, data-driven approach to identifying temperament-based subgroups at 12 and 18 months across infants at elevated and low genetic likelihood for autism and ADHD. Results revealed general continuity in early temperament; many infants remained in a well-regulated/socially engaged subgroup (73%), and some (27%) showed shifts over time toward heightened negative reactivity, greater inhibition, and/or reduced social engagement during the toddler period. Not all infants/toddlers who later met criteria for autism or showed preschool concerns for ADHD demonstrated negative-reactive/inhibitory temperament traits during early development. However, certain temperament profiles were associated with autism and ADHD traits regardless of clinical outcome. Findings contribute to a better understanding of early transdiagnostic markers and the nuanced developmental pathways related to autism and ADHD.
The timing and developmental course of autistic traits-independent of trait level-relate meaningfully to infant and family characteristics, diagnostic timing, and mid-childhood outcomes, which support chronogeneity as a valuable framework for understanding autism heterogeneity in family history studies.
T. Charman, Tessel Bazelmans, G. Pasco et al.· Journal of Autism and Develo...· 0 citations
ADHD is often accompanied by motor difficulties in childhood, yet little is known about how these traits emerge in early life or the genetic pathways that contribute to their development. Studying infants with an elevated familial likelihood of ADHD (EL-ADHD) alongside those with a monogenic condition associated...
Sadali Wanniarachchi, Jannath Begum Ali, Paola Piza Martinez et al.· Journal of Neurodevelopmenta...· 0 citations
Neither autism or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder traits were specifically associated with motor and/or vocal tics, self-regulatory control over tic expression, nocturnal tic expression, or tic frequency during restful/low arousal states.
Ellie Roberts, Dipesh Patel, H. Tyagi· European Child and Adolescen...· 0 citations
Highlights What are the main findings? ADHD changes across development, shifting from overt hyperactivity and impulsivity in childhood toward inner restlessness, executive dysfunction, disorganization, and impaired self-regulation in adulthood. The recent increase in adult ADHD diagnoses is compatible with several over...
A. Cuomo, M. Pinzi, A. Fagiolini· Brain Science· 0 citations
Suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) are an urgent concern, with elevated risk in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Drawing on the developmental psychopathology framework and socio-ecological model of suicide risk, this study examined trajectories of STBs in youth with and without ADHD and their predic...
Hannah E. Morton, Michael B. Kozlowski, Nathan F. Dieckmann et al.· Clinical psychological scien...· 0 citations
Highlights What are the main findings? ASD Level 1 in school-aged children presents a distinct clinical profile marked by high rates of co-occurring conditions (ADHD and anxiety), a discrepancy between cognitive and adaptive behavioral functioning, and informant-dependent symptom severity—all of which may contribute to...
Kimberly Burkhart, Alyssa Palumbo, Kristen Sanford et al.· Children· 0 citations
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