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Ge Liu

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#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Training-Free On-Policy Distillation

On-policy distillation consolidates specialist models into one student at the price of rollouts, teacher passes and gradient steps for every teacher. We show that the consolidation does not need training: with forward passes only, the capabilities of separately tuned specialists can be aggregated into one model that is...

Bang Yang, Jia-Jun Fan, Zhao-Yu Zhu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

How Much Can Language Models Gain from Test-Time Computation?

How much can test-time computation improve a language model, and at what cost? Test-time scaling is widely proposed as a substitute for larger models, but existing comparisons mostly evaluate one domain at a time and rarely charge selection to the budget. We introduce SELF-POT, a benchmark and evaluation framework that...

Bang Yang, Jing-Yuan Li, Jia-Jun Fan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Does Scaling Reinforcement Learning Really Require More Training?

Scaling reasoning typically spends more compute on reinforcement learning (RL) or on inference. We show that a completed RL training history can yield policies stronger than the checkpoints visited by its optimizer. We call this policy-space scaling: expanding the deployable policy set accessible from a fixed RL histor...

Bang Yang, Jia-Jun Fan, Hong-Bo Ma et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

$S^3$: Spectral Null-Space Swap Makes Reasoning Models Efficient

This work is the first to unveil the critical role of the null space and harness it for model optimization, and uses a simplified analytical model about optimization to demonstrate why null-space can effectively reduce attention entropy, thereby improving the efficiency of reasoning.

Hong-Bo Ma, Sansheng Cao, Jia-Jun Fan et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Aug 2026

SpeechGym: An Audio-Native Gym for Training Voice Agents via Reinforcement Learning

SpeechGym is presented, an audio-native agentic environment in which two omni-modal models converse in native audio, with no external ASR or TTS and no API boundary, over the unmodified tasks, tools and success check of an established text agentic benchmark, so that the interaction modality is the only variable and the...

Jia-Jun Fan, Jing-Yuan Li, Prashanth Gurunath Shivakumar et al. · 1 citation · ⚡1
Preprint Aug 2026

Can We Read the Mind of an Audio LLM? A Verbalizable, Multilingual Middle-Layer Workspace

Reading a base Qwen3-Omni with a logit lens at the audio-token positions, it is found that the answer to a spoken question becomes legible - in words - in the model's middle layers, before it emits any token.

Jia-Jun Fan, Jing-Yuan Li, Prashanth Gurunath Shivakumar et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Aug 2026

Constraint-First Reasoning: A Training-Free Protocol for Exploiting Answer-Space Constraints in Mathematical Problem Solving

This work introduces Constraint-First Reasoning (CFR), a training-free two-stage prompting protocol that improves direct CoT on multiple backbones and positions CFR as a targeted test-time intervention whose benefit depends on recoverable constraints and reliable Stage 1 extraction.

Hongbo Ma, Bang Yang, Y. Cheng et al. · 0 citations

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