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artificial intelligence

20,518 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Can an Agent Learn to Predict Its Own Failure? Outcome-Grounded Confidence Calibration in LLM Agents

Controlling an acting LLM agent means deciding, at each step of a long-horizon task, whether to trust its next action, abstain, or hand off to a human. That decision needs a per-step confidence signal predicting whether the current rollout will eventually succeed. The agent's own self-reported verbalized confidence is...

Ashutosh Hathidara · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Beyond Answer Voting: Fine-Grained Correction of LLM Reasoning through Graph Alignment across Sampled Traces

Large language models increasingly tackle tasks that require multi-step reasoning, where errors in intermediate claims can affect the final answer. Self-consistency (SC) improves reasoning by voting over sampled final answers, but its vote leaves intermediate disagreements unresolved. To address this problem, we introd...

Haotian Liu, Yingjian Chen, Xiaohang Xu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

AgentStripes: An Evidence-Graded Maturity Model for AI Agents

Benchmarks report what an Artificial Intelligence (AI) agent can do on a task suite, but not whether one released version has been engineered with the controls that make it reliable, safe and observable, or how strongly that is shown. This paper proposes AgentStripes, an evidence-graded maturity model for AI agents. It...

Nutan Kumar Naik, Vijay Prasad Poudel, Aditya Kumar Saroj et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Auditing Future-Memory Use in Point-in-Time Language Agents

Point-in-time (PIT) agents can recall post-cutoff facts even when their external evidence respects a historical cutoff. We examine whether this access predicts evidence gathering in 48 historical company-comparison tasks. Independent closed-book revenue probes identify the better-remembered company for each model on ta...

Rong-Tian Ye · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Compare to Correct: Pairwise-Guided Logit Adjustment for LLM Test-Time Scaling

Sampling-based test-time scaling enhances LLM reasoning by aggregating multiple reasoning paths for the same query. Existing methods use answer frequencies or path confidence to compute candidate scores, which do not explicitly characterize comparisons between competing answers. Inspired by the Condorcet principle in s...

Cong Hua, Qian-Qian Xu, Zi-Tai Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Reading Right, Acting Wrong: Diagnosing Decision Failures of System One Models in Agent Loops

System One models choose an agent's next action by scoring a supplied set of options in a single pass. This makes them fast and cheap, but when they choose wrongly there is nothing to inspect: did the model misread what the agent has seen, or read it correctly and still act wrongly? We answer behaviorally. On a frozen...

Yubo Li, Ramayya Krishnan, Rema Padman · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

LLM Agents for Automated Post-Training via Structured Recipe Optimization

Automated post-training transforms pre-trained large language models (LLMs) into models capable of handling diverse domains by automatically constructing and optimizing a recipe of coupled decisions over data sources, data processing, cross-domain composition, and training configuration under a limited experimental bud...

Ruohong Liu, Bohan Tang, Lekang Jiang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Configuring RAG Systems: What Breaks, Where Originates, and How to Fix

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a dominant paradigm for improving Large Language Model (LLM) by intertwining it with other components, such as a vector/graph database. Therefore, the resulting RAG systems are often highly configurable, under which a non-trivial amount of failures are related to the...

Liangyu Chen, Youpeng Ma, Yulong Ye et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Rethinking Quality in Large Language Model Routing: Security-Conditioned Model-and-Budget Selection

Large language model (LLM) routers reduce serving cost by choosing which model to call and how many output tokens to grant it for each query. Existing routers rank model-budget actions using a single quality metric. This does not work for mixed workloads. For ordinary queries, a good answer is correct and useful (utili...

Yi-Chi Zhang, Zhen-Xiang Huang, Yu-Yang Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Input-Conditioned Search for Efficient Test-Time Scaling of Recursive Reasoners

People often tackle difficult problems by thinking more deeply or exploring more possibilities. Similarly, recursive reasoners, which reason by repeatedly applying a learned update rule to latent states, can also scale inference through more updates (depth) or additional trajectories generated by perturbing latent stat...

Hao-Chen Shi, Tian-Wen Fu, Qiang-Gang Ding et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Lost in Implicit Routing: How LLM Agents Fail to Load Relevant Skills at Scale

Reusable skills let LLM agents load task-specific instructions on demand, but they make execution depend on implicit routing over skill metadata. We test whether this design scales by holding SkillsBench tasks and their golden skills fixed while adding irrelevant skills. We find skill routing collapse: agents increasin...

Jinlin Liu, Wei Chen, Xiaojin Zhang · 0 citations

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Hugging Face Blog Nov 10, 2026

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