large language models

From a River in Gilead to the Inference Distributions of Large Language Models: Covert Dialect Bias and Linguistic Profiling at Scale

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains such as housing screening. While alignment techniques mitigate explicit racial bias in generated text, they often leave covert attitudinal associations in internal probability distributions untouched. Adapting the matched-guise sociolinguisti...

A multi-site benchmarking framework for scalable extraction of geriatric care constructs from electronic health records

Findings highlight key trade-offs among symbolic, generative, and instruction-tuned approaches for CGA and 4Ms phenotyping, suggesting that hybrid heuristic-LLM methods offer interpretability and stability, whereas large language models provide greater adaptability for complex clinical narratives.

Generative AI And Large Language Models in Intelligent Systems

Cultural bias or universal traits? Exploring personality-like profiles of large language models

Do large language models (LLMs) exhibit coherent personality profiles, and are these profiles culturally neutral? This study used two validated personality inventories, the Big Five Inventory–2 and the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen, to assess five state-of-the-art LLMs (ChatGPT-4o, Gemini 2.0 Flash, DeepSeek-V3, Ernie 3.5 a...

Application of artificial intelligence in hepatology

Artificial intelligence (AI) is being applied across diagnostic and therapeutic workflows in hepatology. This narrative review summarizes recent advances in AI for liver disease. In medical imaging and digital pathology, computer vision enables automated quantitative analysis of ultrasound, CT, MRI, and histologic imag...

Adaptive multi-format synergistic table understanding framework for large language models

The proposed Adaptive Multi-Format Synergistic Table Understanding framework effectively alleviates the core bottlenecks in table understanding, and achieves synergistic improvements in both accurate evidence localization and precise arithmetic computation.

The Post-ChatGPT Surge: Does AI-Health-Education Research Growth Reflect Evidence or Enthusiasm

Thematic analysis revealed that in 2024, ChatGPT and other large language models started to dominate over machine learning, which previously accounted for the majority of publications, which suggest a possible gap between the quantitative expansion of the literature and the consolidation of the field.

Coupling Mechanism and Driving Paths of the Spatial Differentiation of Tourism Attractions from the Perspective of Tourist Perception—A Case Study of Xinjiang, China

As the culture and tourism industry moves toward high-quality development, tourist perception has become a core dimension for measuring that quality. Most existing work on tourism spatial differentiation still looks at the supply side, and describes the pattern of tourism attractions. It pays limited attention to how s...

TransAegis: Cross-Lingual Representation Steering-Based Low Resource Language Jailbreak Defense

Accuracy and Short-Term Consistency of Generative AI Chatbots in Guideline-Based Endodontic Decision Support: A Multi-Model Benchmarking Study

These findings support guideline-based evaluation and clinician verification when generative AI chatbots are used to provide endodontic information relevant to decision support or dental education.

Editorial: Pests on the move: climate change and the shifting ecology of forest insects

Climate change is reshaping forest ecosystems by altering temperature regimes, precipitation patterns, disturbance processes, and interactions between insects and their host trees. Among the most dynamic and consequential biological responses are the shifts in geographic range, seasonal phenology, voltinism, overwinter...

Tweet Summarization: A Comprehensive Survey of Methods, Evaluation, and Challenges