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large language models

2,652 papers

#large language models Open access Sep 2026

Development and benchmark validation of PubChat for PubMed-grounded multilingual biomedical literature retrieval

The rapid growth of biomedical literature has rendered traditional systematic reviews unsustainable. Although large language models (LLMs) offer automation potential, citation fabrication and unreliable evidence discrimination remain critical barriers. Here, using PubChat as a PubMed E-utilities-grounded retrieval fram...

Xuenan Zhuang, Dan Cao, Ruoyu Chen et al. · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

Iterated Agent for Symbolic Regression

This paper introduces IdeaSearchFitter, a framework that employs Large Language Models (LLMs) as semantic operators within an evolutionary search that achieves competitive, noise-robust performance on the Feynman Symbolic Regression Database (FSReD), outperforming several strong baselines.

Zhuo-Yang Song, Ze-Yu Cai, Shu-Tao Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

Fixing, Breaking, or Faking It? An Execution-Calibrated Evaluation of LLM Vulnerability Patching in JavaScript, Python, Go, and Java, and the Limits of LLM-as-Judge

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly repair software vulnerabilities, but most evaluations judge only similarity to a developer fix or removal of the weakness, leaving no single judge trustworthy.

Patrick Deininger, Wolfgang Slany · 1 citation
#large language models Open access Dec 2026

Integrating large language models for automated structural analysis

Automated analysis for engineering structures offers considerable potential for boosting efficiency by minimizing repetitive tasks. Although AI-driven methods are increasingly common, no systematic framework yet leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) for automatic structural analysis. This paper proposes a framework th...

Haoran Liang, Mohammad Talebi-Kalaleh, Qi-Pei Mei · 3 citations
#large language models Review Open access Sep 2026

Don’t Look up: Evaluating the Tradeoff Between Performance and Sustainability of Text Classification Using Open LLMs

The increasing adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) as a text analysis method in social science presents a critical yet under-examined trade-off between model performance and environmental sustainability. This research provides a systematic evaluation comparing the performance, energy consumption, processing time...

Sean Hamilton-Palicki, Isaac Bravo, Clint Claessen · 0 citations
#large language models Editorial Open access Sep 2026

Editorial: Advances in neurocritical care

Neurocritical care focuses on patients with actual or impending organ dysfunction that arises from, or accompanies, primary or secondary neurological injury and necessitates intensive care (1). As a subspecialty, neurocritical care continues to face unresolved and controversial questions in both clinical practice and r...

Linlin Zhang, Jian-Xin Zhou · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

Leakage-Aware Cross-Dataset Evaluation of Prompt Injection Detection Using Classical Machine Learning and Transformer Models

A leak-aware cross-dataset evaluation framework is presented to examine the robustness of classical machine learning and Transformer-based prompt injection detection models in the face of data source changes, and shows that internal validation results are not enough for prompt injection detection.

Oğuzhan Kilim · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Open access Sep 2026

Implementing a Cognitively Grounded Artificial Moral Advisor: A Multi-LLM Multi-Agent Approach Based on the Cognitive–Reflective Equilibration Model

Large language model (LLM)-based artificial intelligence is increasingly used in ethically consequential human decision-making, yet fully autonomous machine ethics remains unrealistic, motivating architectures that support rather than replace human ethical judgment. This study introduces the Cognitive–Reflective Equili...

Chulmin Kim, Seongjin Ahn · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Open access Sep 2026

Using AI to support safety management – Analysing occupational safety data using machine learning within the framework of human factors

Organisations collect large amounts of safety data concerning safety events. However, many organisations are still in their infancy in this regard, especially when it comes to utilising large datasets containing textual safety data to support their safety management. Fast-developing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and mac...

Maria Tiikkaja, Henriikka Kannisto, A. Nurmi et al. · 0 citations

Using large language models to probe the limits of atom-centered structural descriptors

This experiment exposes an extremely fruitful usage pattern for AI in science: translating results between different communities and application domains, accelerating the process by which serendipitous discoveries in a field become paradigm-shifting breakthroughs in another.

M. Domina, Michele Ceriotti · 0 citations

Vibe Coding: An Experiment with Test-Driven Development

This exploratory study aims to investigate how humans and CLLMs can collaborate as peers through vibe coding, an approach that integrates principles from prompt engineering, agile design, and human-AI co-creation to enhance collaboration.

Moritz Mock, Barbara Russo · 0 citations

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