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machine learning

17,191 papers

Fusion or Confusion? Multimodal Complexity Is Not All You Need

A large-scale empirical study reimplementing 19 high-impact multimodal methods across nine diverse datasets with up to 23 modalities argues for a shift in focus for multimodal learning: away from the pursuit of architectural novelty and toward methodological rigor.

Tillmann Rheude, R. Eils, B. Wild · 5 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

A Learning Stability Profile for Finite-Dimensional Learning Dynamics

We develop a finite-dimensional sensitivity framework for studying stability in learning systems whose states include representations, parameters, and update variables. The central object is the \emph{Learning Stability Profile}, a collection of directional sensitivity operators that records how perturbations in inputs...

Ronald Katende · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Natural Language Actor-Critic: Scalable Off-Policy Learning in Language Space

Large language model (LLM) agents -- LLMs that dynamically interact with an environment over long horizons -- have become an increasingly important area of research, enabling automation in complex tasks involving tool-use, web browsing, and dialogue with people. In the absence of expert demonstrations, training LLM age...

Joey Hong, Kang Liu, Zhan Ling et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Temporal speckle enables probabilistic weights for uncertainty-aware photonic AI

Artificial intelligence increasingly guides decisions in safety-critical settings, yet neural networks can remain overconfident when confronted with ambiguous observations or unfamiliar inputs. Bayesian neural networks quantify such uncertainty by replacing every weight with a probability distribution, but sampling man...

F. Br\"uckerhoff-Pl\"uckelmann, H. Borras, S. U. Hulyal et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Learning Robust Social Strategies with Large Language Models

As agentic AI becomes more widespread, agents with distinct and possibly conflicting goals will interact in complex ways. These multi-agent interactions pose a fundamental challenge, particularly in social dilemmas, where agents' individual incentives can undermine collective welfare. While reinforcement learning (RL)...

Dereck Piche, Mohammed Muqeeth, Milad Aghajohari et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Geometry as a Missing Axis of Representation Quality: The Variational Geometric Information Bottleneck under Data Scarcity

We study latent geometry as an explicit component of representation quality in data-scarce learning. For an encoder (\phi), we define (Q_{\beta,\gamma}(\phi)=I(\phi(X);Y)-\beta\mathcal C(\phi)-\gamma d_{\mathrm{int}}(\phi)), combining task-relevant information with penalties for curvature and intrinsic latent dimension...

Ronald Katende · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2025

Who Gets Watched? Allocating Scarce Escalation Resources on Pediatric Wards with Neural Index Policies

This work model ward escalation decisions using a multi-action restless multi-armed bandit model and develops Multi-action Index Learning and Optimization Policy (MILOP) as a computational solution approach, which trains a neural network to generate a high-quality index policy using a decision-focused learning approach...

Himadri S. Pandey, M. Mai, N. Muthu et al. · 2 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Non-Asymptotic Stability and Consistency Guarantees for Physics-Informed Neural Networks via Coercive Operator Analysis

We present a unified theoretical framework for analyzing the stability and consistency of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), grounded in operator coercivity, variational formulations, and non-asymptotic perturbation theory. PINNs approximate solutions to partial differential equations (PDEs) by minimizing residu...

Ronald Katende · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Slim attention: cut your context memory in half without loss -- K-cache is all you need for MHA

Slim attention shrinks the context memory size by 2x for transformer models with MHA (multi-head attention), which can speed up inference by up to 2x for large context windows. Slim attention is an exact, mathematically identical implementation of the standard attention mechanism and therefore doesn't compromise mode...

Nils Graef, Kayvan Zahiri, Andrew Wasielewski · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Gaussian Process Upper Confidence Bound Achieves Nearly Optimal Regret in Noise-Free Gaussian Process Bandits

We study the noise-free Gaussian Process (GP) bandits problem, in which the learner seeks to minimize regret through noise-free observations of the black-box objective function lying on the known reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). Gaussian process upper confidence bound (GP-UCB) is the well-known GP-bandits algor...

Shogo Iwazaki · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Nov 2026

Bilevel ZOFO: Efficient LLM Fine-Tuning and Meta-Training

Fine-tuning pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks using First-Order (FO) optimizers presents significant computational challenges. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods address these by freezing most model parameters and training only a small subset. However, PEFT often underperforms co...

Reza Shirkavand, Peiran Yu, Qi He et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Latent Reasoning in Continuous Space for Unified Multimodal Models

A Latent Reasoning framework in Continuous space (LARC), which alleviates the token-level bottleneck by reasoning over continuous hidden states and achieves state-of-the-art performance on GenEval and demonstrates clear test-time scaling behavior.

Byungwoo Jeon, Yoonwoo Jeong, Hyunseok Lee et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Nov 3, 2026

Learn the rules: The hacker mindset

Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.

Google DeepMind Blog Nov 3, 2026

Agentic cheminformatics with Google Antigravity

Learn how Google Antigravity and our Cheminformatics Skills accelerate drug discovery workflows, search compounds, and propose novel rigidified macrocycles.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 28, 2026

Making machines that can listen

Professor Paris Smaragdis develops computers with superhuman hearing for applications like speech recognition, music understanding, and environmental monitoring.

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