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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Copy-Paste Language Models

Transformers are intuitively considered to be efficient at copying from their inputs. We actually show that the ability of LLMs to copy in context can be improved through explicit modeling. We propose Copy-Paste Language Models (CPLMs), which add a lightweight Copy-Paste head to the conventional language modeling (LM)...

Nathan Godey, Yoav Artzi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Do Syntax Heads Influence Model Behavior?

Transformer language models develop attention heads that specialize in syntactic relations, for example, attending from verbs to their subjects. Do these heads play a causal role in the model's syntactic predictions? Evidence for such a role is mixed to negative: even when we force these heads to attend to a distractor...

William Timkey, Tal Linzen · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Titan-Llama: Retrofitting Pre-trained LLMs with External Neural Memory Modules

Transformers are efficient to pre-train at scale because attention permits parallel computation across sequence positions, but long-context inference requires increasingly large KV caches. Efficient recurrent alternatives reduce the asymptotic complexity of inference, but their sequential dependence limits token-wise p...

Sarah Pan, Ali Behrouz · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DUALVIEW: Leveraging Broad and Output-Specific Evidence for LLM-based Multi-Output Text Regression

While work on LLM-based regression has largely focused on scalar prediction, multi-output text regression remains less explored. We present DualView, a parameter-efficient approach to leverage LLMs for multi-output text regression. \method{} first extracts broad and output-specific representations from a frozen LLM, th...

Yiheng Su, Junyi Jessy Li, Matthew Lease · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Weighted Ensemble Sampling for Rare-Event Estimation in Language Models

Rare but severe failures of large language models can become practically significant at deployment scale. Estimating their probabilities with direct Monte Carlo sampling is highly inefficient, while proposal-based methods typically require auxiliary learning of an additional proposal distribution. We introduce \textbf{...

Zixuan Liu, Gustavo Didier, Fangzheng Wu et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

NEPSEE: A Double-Annotated Benchmark for Nepali Sentiment Analysis

Many sentiment datasets use one annotator for each item, so the test labels show the conventions of that person. We build a Nepali benchmark from two annotators who labelled the same sentences blind. They labelled 5,614 sentences from tweets of Nepali public figures on a five-point scale. We keep only the 3,189 sentenc...

Gaurab Baral, Mimansak Nepal, Grishma Basnet · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

How to Evaluate When You Don't Know How to Evaluate? Choosing Reliable Setups for Base Language Model Benchmarking

Evaluation of large language models (LLMs) remains largely pre-scientific: it involves many design decisions, with little guidance on how to make them. These choices can substantially affect measured performance and, consequently, decisions about subsequent pretraining. To identify effective evaluation setups, we inves...

Shenbin Qian, David Samuel, Jind\v{r}ich Helcl et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

HERO: Harnessing Evidence for Test-time Refinement and Prompt Optimization in Program Generation

Harness optimization improves LLMs by refining reusable prompts and scaffolding, yet requires further adaptation for program generation tasks such as text-to-SQL and text-to-Python. Existing methods often rely on LLM reflectors to propose harness updates, which can fix observed failures but also disrupt previously corr...

Mingyu Lu, Timothy Ossowski, Tristan Naumann et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

Fantastic Metrics and How to Find Them: Meta-Evaluating Metrics for Multi-lingual Style-Personalized Generation

Meta-evaluation of text generation metrics and LLM-judges is primarily conducted using metric-human correlations. However, prior work has shown that correlation is not an appropriate estimate of a metric's evaluation capability and can be unstable across evaluation settings, such as different datasets or languages. The...

Anubhav Jangra, Adrian de Wynter · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

From Qualitative Text to Integrated Evidence: The Parallel-Then-Integrated (PTI) Procedure

Mixed methods research offers established strategies for integrating qualitative and quantitative evidence, but less guidance for integrating two computational representations of the same qualitative corpus. This methodological study introduces Parallel-Then-Integrated (PTI), a four-step procedure for explicit and trac...

Elyas Irankhah, Ashley Hagaman, Samah Fodeh · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

CAFE: Confining Feature Distillation to Language-Routed Adapters for Compact Multilingual Automatic Speech Recognition

Feature distillation is usually expected to add to logit distillation. We find that this expectation does not hold for two common feature losses in compact multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR), and analyze why through their gradients. The gradient of a projection-based loss is orthogonal to the task gradient...

Tianchi Liu, Nicholas Moratelli, Khurram Azeem Hashmi et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

DecisionRobust: Benchmarking Robustness for JEV Style Decision Models Across Text and Vision

DecisionRobust is introduced, a benchmark for systematically evaluating the robustness of decision models across textual and visual inputs and shows that attacks expose vulnerabilities beyond the models used for construction and selection.

Yi-Fan Lan, Zhong-Ye Liu, Yu-Rui Chang et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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