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natural language processing

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#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Unfair and Unsafe: Everyday Bias Triggers Emergent Misalignment

Emergent misalignment (EM) occurs when fine-tuning a language model to a narrow task makes it misaligned on unrelated ones. Because organizations now routinely fine-tune models on their own data, it matters which kinds of training data cause EM. So far, studies have induced EM with data containing recognized safety fai...

Alex Mart\'i Guiu, Nicolas Zumarraga, Kevin O'Sullivan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Review Rarely Beats the Stronger Model: Separating Verification from Capability Transfer in LLM Pipelines

Qwen3-8B reviewing Llama-3.1-8B in math adds 33.2 points, yet Qwen3-8B alone is 6.4 points more accurate than the result. Reviewing another model's answer is usually judged by its gain over the generator. We show that this confuses verification, which adds accuracy beyond either model alone, with capability transfer, w...

Yirui Zhang, Yash Raj Shrestha · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Personalized LLM Recommendation with Semantic IDs: Autoregressive Beam Search vs. Multi-Token Prediction

The experiments show single-head beam search consistently beats MTP on most product-critical metrics: ranking and content QA, and trains at roughly 2.6x lower dollar cost on Qwen3-8B scale; MTP wins only on raw inference throughput.

Sejoon Oh, Fernando Amat Gil, Evan Smothers et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Adaptive Look, Flexible Thought: Learning How and How Long to Think in Multimodal Reasoning

The introduction of long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning and external tools has substantially improved the performance of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) on general and reasoning tasks. However, existing fast-slow reasoning paradigms mainly regulate textual reasoning length, while visual computation introduce...

Quan-Lin Chen, Xiu-Wei Chen, Kun Xiang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

An Explainable System for Offensive Content Detection in Nastaliq Urdu: Corpus Curation, Transformer Benchmarking, and Word-Level Attribution

Automated moderation systems are deployed at scale, yet they remain opaque to the users and moderators affected by their decisions, and their coverage is almost entirely confined to English. For Urdu written in the Nastaliq script, no such system exists, and the annotated resources it would be built on are drawn largel...

Muhammad Shahid Iqbal Malik · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

bharatSetu: a 1M x 22 bridge for indic translation

BharatSetu is released as a machine layer and a human-correction layer keyed to the same row identifiers, so that each corrected column upgrades every pair that uses it, together with an evaluation protocol.

Haq Nawaz Malik, Nahfid Nissar, Faiza Iqbal · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Conference Open access Oct 2026

SARATHI: Decoupled Data-Free Probing and Adaptive Reconstruction for Structured LLM Pruning

SARATHI achieves competitive perplexity and matches or exceeds existing structured pruning baselines on zero-shot accuracy, and corrects systematic activation drift in post-LayerNorm architectures that would otherwise cause perplexity collapse at high sparsity.

Sankar Behera, Dhruv Singh, Satyadev Ahlawat et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

REPRO: Reflective Evolutionary Prompt Optimizer for Automated LLM Red-Teaming

Safety-aligned large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to adversarial prompts that bypass their safety training. Existing automated red-teaming methods either require privileged access unavailable in production, rely on manually engineered per-model templates, or optimize a single objective without population-le...

Abrar Alotaibi, Moataz A. Ahmed · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Sensitivity or Criterion? Measuring and Moving When Language Models Act

Before an agent acts, it must decide whether action is warranted. A single accuracy cannot distinguish failure to recognize a warranted action from reluctance to act. Signal-detection theory separates sensitivity from criterion, but criteria estimated from authored binary labels depend on each benchmark's example mix....

Sixun Dong, Yebowen Hu, Ming Yin et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

In-Place Indic Tokenizer Expansion and Continual Pretraining of Nemotron-3-Nano-30B-A3B

We adapted Nemotron-3-Nano-30B-A3B for eight Indian languages without changing its backbone architecture. We expanded the vocabulary in place from 131,072 to 163,072 entries using continued byte-pair encoding and AdaptMix rebalancing, reducing tokens per word by 38.6%. We initialized new input and output rows by averag...

Avinash Benki, Prasanjith Pasunuti, Sutanshu Saksena Raj et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

A Sovereign, Indic-First, Reasoning Model

Gnani-Evon-v3.3-30B-A3B is a long-context hybrid Mamba-Transformer mixture-of-experts model for reasoning, instruction following, and tool use in English and eight Indian languages. Starting from NVIDIA's Nemotron-3-Nano-30B-A3B checkpoint, it retains the 52-layer backbone and changes the vocabulary, training data, and...

Sutanshu Saksena Raj, Prasanjith Pasunuti, Parijat Chatterjee et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

North or South? Diagnosing LLMs'Understanding of North Korean Language, Society, and Knowledge

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made substantial progress in multilingual question answering, yet their ability to understand low-resource sociolinguistic contexts remains under-explored. We study North Korea as a unique testbed where decades of division have produced distinct differences from South Korea in vocabula...

Kiwoong Park, Seyoung Song, Donghyun Woo et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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