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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Phantom Merge: When Your Large Language Model Agents Pick One but Tell You About Another

LLM agents increasingly operate over multiple entities, where reliable response generation requires not only retrieving relevant evidence but also preserving its association with the correct entity. We identify Phantom Merge (PM), an entity-evidence binding failure in which an agent attributes unsupported claims to its...

Wang-Shu Zhu, Qian-Wen Guo, Yu-Shun Dong · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

GUIDE: Computationally Augmented Consensus for Trustworthy Clinical Practice Guidelines

Maintaining up-to-date clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is essential for evidence-based medicine, but rapid evidence growth and complex expert consensus formation limit timely updates. We developed GUIDE, a multi-agent copilot system for human-AI collaborative guideline generation and updating. GUIDE delegates labor...

Yuanfan Lin, Jie Di, Xujin He et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

The Anatomy of a Blind Spot: What an LLM Judge Must Be Shown, and How Much

Evaluation of text generated by large language models (LLMs) is increasingly delegated to LLMs acting as judges, yet what such a judge must be shown remains unresolved. We treat a judge whose reports are acted on as a regulator, in the sense of cybernetics, and ask what it must be shown, how much, in what form, and wha...

Nitish Kumar, Prateik Pothuneedi, Greg Bandak · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Hidden in Plain Sight: Advancing Harmful Content Understanding via Perception-Aware Adversarial Self-Play

Despite significant advances in language understanding, Large Language Models (LLMs) can still miss meaning hidden in plain sight, failing to identify harmful intent in expressions readily understood by humans. Malicious users exploit this gap by strategically disguising harmful content to evade automated moderation, p...

Yisong Xiao, Benlei Cui, Shiji Zhao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

AlphaRLM: Aligning Language Models for Literature-Grounded Symbolic Factor Discovery

Formulaic alpha mining seeks to discover executable expressions that capture predictive market signals in a vast, noisy search space. Recent LLM-based approaches use prompting, iterative search, or seed-factor evolution, leaving direct factor construction through policy learning less explored. To address this, we intro...

Jie Huang, Yuecheng Hong, Yao Chen et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

What Survives When Activation Steering Is Used as Memory

Activation steering has recently been used as a memory for skills: past experiences of an agent are stored as steering vectors and retrieved later. Facts and preferences about the user are assumed to need text instead. We test that assumption with a training-free activation memory beside a frozen LLM. The change an exp...

Vedant Jumle · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Predicting how model propensities generalize out of distribution

How do language models generalize from their training data? This is a central challenge for alignment: models reliably learn their training distribution given enough samples, but we want models that behave well when deployed in new contexts. We study out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization of propensities. Our central...

J. Hunter, Li-Sheng Wen, O. Terry et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SkillForgeBench: Evaluating Agent Reliability Grounded in Agent Skill Specifications

Evaluating an agent's ability to strictly satisfy diverse and procedurally complex requirements is essential to determining its practical reliability. Conducting such an evaluation demands agentic tasks that reconcile broad domain coverage with deep procedural complexity. Existing paradigms face a fundamental trade-off...

Zhengxi Li, Junyi Zhou, Qiyuan Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

WorkBorne: Discovering Agentic Tasks from Real-World Artifact Transitions

Developing terminal-based agents for long-horizon execution demands synthetic tasks that tightly couple complex instructions with authentic, interactive environments. However, current automated synthesis suffers from a fundamental asymmetry: instruction-oriented methods fabricate low-fidelity, synthetic environments, w...

Junyi Zhou, Yufei Wang, Qiyuan Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

CUSE: Fine-Grained Multimodal Unlearning with Counterfactual Guidance and On-Policy Self-Distillation

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) can reproduce sensitive, copyrighted, or unsafe information from their training data. Effective unlearning must remove target information while preserving non-target content, even within the same response. Existing methods typically apply uniform forgetting objectives to complet...

Chen-Lu Ding, Jian-Can Wu, Yan-Chen Luo et al. · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

How to Build a Benchmark That Actually Measures Taste

Expert-aligned "taste" benchmarks should reward craft judgment, not the ability to game the test. We introduce TasteBench, a pairwise good-vs-bad benchmark across visual, brand, book, and tech items under a frozen rubric with expert-only gold (panel n>=3; percent agreement >=0.60 primary gate; weak engagement labels tr...

Xiaofan Wu, Xi Zeng, Miaoxia Chen et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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