From matrix to nucleus: CD44 as a central regulator of inflammaging, autophagy, and tissue homeostasis

CCN1 as a compartment-specific biomarker of active microenvironmental remodeling: evidence from bone repair, aging, inflammation, and cancer

Cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1) is a secreted matricellular protein induced by growth factors, mechanical stress, hypoxia, and tissue injury and regulates diverse cellular processes through interactions with integrins, heparan sulfate proteoglycans, and extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Although pri...

Chaperone-mediated autophagy as a regulator of hallmarks of cancer

Current evidence is brought together to provide a comprehensive understanding of how CMA contributes to the Hallmarks of Cancer, including sustained proliferative signaling, resistance to cell death, metabolic reprogramming, invasion and metastasis, immune evasion, and the enabling characteristics of genome instability...

Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 as a context-dependent extracellular signaling hub in development, tissue remodeling, and disease

This review extends beyond a predominantly WNT-centered view of sFRP2 and proposes a context-stratified framework for biomarker interpretation and therapeutic targeting based on cellular origin, dominant signaling axis, disease stage, and tissue compartment.

Context-Dependent PrPᶜ Signaling in Cancer Stemness, Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Repair, and Extracellular Vesicle Biology.

Cellular prion protein (PrPᶜ), encoded by PRNP, is increasingly recognized as a context-dependent regulator of cellular stress adaptation and intercellular communication beyond its canonical role as the physiological precursor of disease-associated prion conformers. Through its localization in membrane microdomains and...

Immunity-metabolism-senescence axis in liver fibrosis: mechanistic insights, therapeutic targets, and translational opportunities.

Liver fibrosis is a dynamic and potentially reversible consequence of chronic liver injury, shaped by persistent inflammation, metabolic disturbance, and impaired tissue repair. Accumulating evidence indicates that, rather than operating as independent processes, immune activation, metabolic reprogramming, and cellular...

LPA₃ signaling and biological functions: from physiological regulation to disease-targeted therapy