TL;DR
Ongoing research aims to establish sensitive biomarkers, identify prodromal disease stages, and develop targeted interventions addressing key pathophysiological mechanisms such as α-synuclein aggregation and neuroinflammation.
Atypical parkinsonism syndromes are progressive neurodegenerative syndromes that generally do not respond well to levodopa treatment and in which other signs and symptoms are added to the classical findings of Parkinson’s disease. Atypical parkinsonism syndromes include multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear...
BACKGROUND Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive adult-onset synucleinopathy that remains difficult to diagnose clinically, particularly in younger patients and during early disease stages. Brainstem nuclei degeneration resulting in reduced monoamines in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis may further complicat...
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a clinically and genetically diverse group of neurodegenerative disorders predominantly affecting the frontal and anterior temporal lobes, leading to progressive changes in behavior, language, and executive function. FTD is the most common cause of young-onset dementia and third overall...
Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) are alpha-synuclein-related neurodegenerative disorders with overlapping motor and non-motor symptoms but distinct pathology, clinical management, and prognosis. Early differential diagnosis, particularly between PD and the parkinsonian subtype of MSA (MSA-P),...
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