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Design of quadrotor UAV formation control system based on hierarchical PD and consensus algorithms

Sep 2026 · International Conference on Aerospace Electronics Information and Intelligent Systems · Vol 14356, pp. 143560A - 143560A-6 · 0 citations · 6 references
Engineering

Abstract

This paper proposes a cluster control system for quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) based on hierarchical proportional-derivative (PD) control and consensus theory to address the insufficient robustness of single UAVs in complex missions. First, a six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) nonlinear dynamic model is established using Newton-Euler equations, which is then decoupled into inner-loop attitude and outer-loop position subsystems for hierarchical control. Subsequently, a distributed formation controller is designed by integrating a consensus algorithm into the PD control law. This ensures attitude and position synchronization across three mission phases: synchronous takeoff, equilateral triangular formation building, and cooperative forward flight. Extensive MATLAB simulations demonstrate the system's high trajectory tracking accuracy and robustness. Under normal conditions, the average formation error is merely 0.1162m.

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