The Effects of Organizational Climate and Leadership on Employee Performance: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction at the Bpjs Kesehatan Depok Branch Office

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effects of organizational climate and leadership on employee performance, with job satisfaction serving as a mediating variable, at the BPJS Kesehatan Depok Branch Office. A quantitative approach with a causal research design was employed. The study population consisted of all 50 permanent employees of the BPJS Kesehatan Depok Branch Office. Since the population was relatively small, a census sampling technique was adopted, resulting in a total sample of 50 respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 3.0. The findings reveal that organizational climate and leadership have positive and significant effects on job satisfaction. In addition, organizational climate, leadership, and job satisfaction each exert positive and significant effects on employee performance. Job satisfaction was found to partially mediate the relationships between organizational climate and employee performance, as well as between leadership and employee performance. Furthermore, the total effect analysis indicates that organizational climate has the strongest influence on employee performance. These findings suggest that fostering a supportive organizational climate, strengthening leadership effectiveness, and enhancing job satisfaction are essential strategies for improving employee performance in public sector organizations. This study contributes to the human resource management literature by providing empirical evidence that job satisfaction functions as an important mechanism linking organizational climate and leadership to employee performance. Practically, the findings offer valuable insights for BPJS Kesehatan in formulating human resource management policies aimed at strengthening organizational climate, enhancing leadership quality, and promoting job satisfaction to improve employee performance and support sustainable public service delivery.