A reproducible pre-deployment analytics framework for physical/MAC-layer assessment of RF900, G3-PLC, GPRS CS2–CS3, hybrid PLC–GPRS, and renewable-event communication profiles is presented.
Abstract
Smart grids with renewable energy sources require communication platforms that can evaluate heterogeneous links before field deployment. This article presents a centralized software-defined radio (SDR)-based performance analytics platform for physical/MAC-layer assessment of RF900, G3-PLC, GPRS CS2–CS3, hybrid PLC–GPRS, and renewable-event communication profiles. The platform combines a controlled UPS SDR/USRP experimental-simulation reference with reproducible packet-level simulations using traffic generation, channel impairment abstractions, CRC-based integrity verification, and centralized metrics: latency, bit error rate (BER), packet error rate (PER), useful throughput, and offered channel load. The revised evaluation uses a 120 s window, 3444 packets per baseline scenario, and 30 independent random seeds. The RF900 AWGN baseline achieved 36.58±0.01 ms mean latency, 1.78×10−4 BER, 0.175±0.003 PER, and 24.23 kbps useful throughput. Hybrid PLC–GPRS reduced PER to 0.025±0.001, while the renewable-event hybrid profile achieved 89.33±0.13 ms and 0.028±0.001 PER. This study provides a reproducible pre-deployment analytics framework, not full utility field validation or application-layer interoperability certification.
The demand and rapid increase of electric vehicles (EVs), has created an unparalleled demand for wireless communication infrastructures that are robust having low-latency and very secure, across global transportation networks. This paper presents a broad analysis of wireless communication technologies applied to electric vehicles, across highlighted critical metrics including latency, throughput, reliability, spectral efficiency and security resilience integrating vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, software updates, wireless charging (WPT), battery management and smart grid integration. LTE-V and NR-V2X (5G), Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), ZigBee and emerging 6G-compatible frameworks is used to analyze the performance of IEEE 802.11p (DSRC), Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X). An experimental testbed comprising 24 EV nodes was deployed over 18 months, across an urban mesh network, generating over 4.2 terabytes of empirical communication data. Results show that NR-V2X achieves sub-10 ms end-to-end latency with 99.97% packet delivery ratio, outperforming DSRC by 58% in dense urban topologies. The proposed Adaptive Multi-Protocol Switching (AMPS) algorithm reduces communication overhead by 34.7% while maintaining Quality of Service (QoS) thresholds. The findings offer critical insights for policymakers, EV manufacturers, and network operators designing next-generation connected EV infrastructure
S. Kuzhaloli· International Conference on...· 0 citations
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems are increasingly deployed in heavy industrial facilities to support real-time monitoring, automation, and safety-critical operations. Long-range low-power communication technologies such as LoRaWAN are widely used for large-scale sensor connectivity due to their long communication range and energy efficiency. However, dense industrial deployments may experience reduced communication reliability due to network congestion, packet collisions, and challenging propagation conditions caused by metallic infrastructure and electromagnetic interference. To address these limitations, this paper proposes RSrSF-LoRa, an integrated implementation of the reserved spreading factor (rSF) mechanism within the RS-LoRa framework (lightweight scheduling), designed to improve reliability for critical traffic. The study presents a comparative performance evaluation of RSrSF-LoRa and LoRaWAN in a smelter IIoT deployment, assessing packet delivery ratio (PDR), throughput, fairness, energy consumption and scalability under varying node densities and gateway configurations. Single-gateway scenarios with 100, 500, and 1000 nodes, and seven-gateway scenarios with 1000 and 2100 nodes, are evaluated as communication distances increase. The results indicate that while throughput and fairness remain comparable across approaches, RSrSF-LoRa improves alarm message reliability in dense single-gateway deployments, extending the acceptable PDR from 700 m to 900 m. Alarm nodes in RSrSF-LoRa consume slightly more energy due to reserved transmission, but overall energy consumption remains comparable. These findings provide design insights for reliable and energy-aware industrial IoT networks in smelter environments.
Sonile K. Musonda, Musa Ndiaye, Zilole Simate et al.· Italian National Conference...· 0 citations
This review systematically traces how mobile network technology has evolved from second-generation (2G) through fifth-generation (5G) systems, looks at how each generation has been applied in smart grid settings, and sets out what each generation could and could not do.
Musaab Abdelmageed Abdelraheem Abdalla· International Journal of Sci...· 0 citations
LoRa-LQE, a link quality estimation scheme specifically designed for mobile environments, outperforms state-of-the-art solutions and achieves packet delivery ratio improvements and energy efficiency improvements, thereby enabling more reliable communication for mobile IoT assets.
G. S. Neto, T. S. D. Silva, Instituto Federal do Maranhão et al.· Journal of Internet Services...· 0 citations
Results show that STGen provides a scalable and reproducible bridge between lightweight protocol emulation and practical deployment-oriented IoT protocol evaluation, and exposes deployment-relevant behavior that controlled emulation alone may hide.
H. Islam, M. M. Maharaz, M. Georgiades et al.· Journal of Sensor and Actuat...· 0 citations