ENERGY SECURITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES IN UKRAINE UNDER MARTIAL LAW
Abstract
Introduction. The large-scale destruction of Ukraine's energy infrastructure caused by the full-scale war has significantly increased risks to the stable provision of environmental services, agricultural production, and waste management. Under these conditions, strengthening energy security has become a strategic priority for maintaining ecosystem resilience, supporting economic recovery, and fulfilling international commitments related to sustainable development and the European Green Deal. The transition from centralized energy supply to decentralized, low-carbon energy systems requires new conceptual approaches that integrate energy, environmental, and economic dimensions. The purpose of the article. The purpose of this study is to assess the current state of energy security of environmental services in Ukraine under martial law, determine the contribution of renewable energy technologies to the resilience of ecosystem services, and substantiate strategic directions for the post-war transformation of environmentally oriented energy systems. Methods. The research employs a comprehensive methodological approach combining comparative, statistical, analytical, and system analysis methods. SWOT analysis is applied to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats affecting the energy security of environmental services. A conceptual framework is developed to explain the interrelationships among military threats, energy infrastructure resilience, renewable energy deployment, ecosystem services, and sustainable development. Official statistical data, strategic policy documents, and recent scientific publications constitute the empirical basis of the research. Results. The study demonstrates that the decentralization of energy generation through renewable energy sources substantially enhances the resilience of environmental services during wartime. Bioenergy, agrivoltaic systems, hydrogen technologies, energy-efficient solutions, and waste-to-energy technologies are identified as key instruments for strengthening energy independence while reducing environmental impacts. A comparative assessment of solar and wind energy development during 2023–2026 confirms the faster recovery of the solar energy sector owing to its modularity, shorter implementation period, and higher investment activity. The proposed conceptual framework integrates energy security with ecosystem services, providing a holistic perspective on sustainable energy development under wartime conditions. The SWOT analysis reveals considerable natural resource potential, scientific capacity, and opportunities for European integration, while highlighting infrastructure destruction, investment shortages, and security risks as the principal constraints. The study substantiates strategic priorities for post-war reconstruction, including the expansion of renewable energy, hydrogen technologies, circular economy solutions, digitalization of energy infrastructure, and carbon capture technologies. Conclusions. Energy security of environmental services should be considered a fundamental component of Ukraine's sustainable economic recovery and environmental resilience. The implementation of decentralized renewable energy systems, together with innovative environmental technologies and integrated energy policy, will strengthen national energy independence, improve ecosystem protection, facilitate compliance with the Sustainable Development Goals, and accelerate Ukraine's transition toward a climate-neutral and resilient economy during the post-war reconstruction period.