Analysis of Key Smart Grid Technologies and Wind–Solar–Storage Applications under Distributed Energy Integration

Abstract

As renewable energy resources continue to be deployed on a larger scale, integrating distributed generation into smart-grid environments has become an increasingly important aspect of modern power system development. This paper focuses on the major issues encountered during the grid connection of distributed energy resources. First, the core technologies related to grid-connected control, energy management, state perception, and fault diagnosis are systematically reviewed. Then, a wind-solar-storage complementary energy system is selected as a typical application scenario, which is used to investigate the engineering implementation of these technologies and examine the operational performance and collaborative mechanisms of the system through specific case studies. The analysis shows that grid-connected control supports stable renewable energy integration, while energy management strategies facilitate coordination among wind generation, photovoltaic resources and energy storage units. Overall, these technologies have different functions and focusses, but they are closely related in practical applications, which together raise the operating efficiency and reliability of distributed energy systems. This research helps to understand the problems of smart grid technology, engineering application analysis, and subsequent collaborative optimisation research involved in distributed energy access.