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ANALISIS NIAI-NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM SASTRA LISAN PADA UPACARA DEMU UE MASYARAKAT DESA KARAWATUNG

Oct 2026 · LANGUAGE Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra · Vol 6, pp. 563-572 · 0 citations · 6 references

Abstract

This study aims to describe the semantic meaning structure and analyze the local wisdom values reflected in the oral literature of the Demu Ue traditional ceremony in Karawatung Village, West Solor District, East Flores Regency. This study utilized a qualitative descriptive method with a contextual semantic analysis framework to dissect the lexical, grammatical, and cultural meanings of ritual speech. The primary data consisted of 12 ritual speech units (koda) chanted by custom leaders (Bapa Tobo Lango) and gathered through participatory observation, audio recording, structured in-depth interviews, and phonetic transcription. Data validity was established through source triangulation across community elders and methodological triangulation. Semantic analysis reveals that the oral literature of Demu Ue embodies five primary local wisdom values: (1) transcendental religious values (Lera Wulan Tana Ekan), (2) genealogical togetherness values, (3) sacred ancestral reverence, (4) cosmic ecological harmony with nature, and (5) functional mutual cooperation. The novel finding of this study underscores that Demu Ue oral literature serves not merely as an agrarian ceremonial complement, but functions as a cosmological legitimizing apparatus sustaining the social ecosystem and environmental preservation of the Solor Island community. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan struktur makna semantik serta menganalisis nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang terefleksi dalam sastra lisan pada upacara adat Demu Ue di Desa Karawatung, Kecamatan Solor Barat, Kabupaten Flores Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan kerangka analisis semantik kontekstual untuk membedah makna leksikal, gramatikal, dan makna kultural tuturan ritual. Data penelitian bersumber dari 12 unit tuturan ritual (koda) yang dilantunkan oleh pemangku adat (Bapa Tobo Lango) dan dihimpun melalui observasi partisipatif, rekaman audio, wawancara mendalam terstruktur, serta teknik pencatatan fonetis. Keabsahan data diuji secara ketat melalui triangulasi sumber terhadap tetua adat serta triangulasi teknik. Hasil analisis semantik membuktikan bahwa sastra lisan Demu Ue mengandung lima pilar nilai kearifan lokal utama, yaitu: (1) nilai religiusitas transendental (Lera Wulan Tana Ekan), (2) nilai kebersamaan genealogis, (3) nilai penghormatan sakral terhadap leluhur, (4) nilai keharmonisan kosmis dengan alam, dan (5) nilai gotong royong fungsional. Keunikan temuan penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa sastra lisan Demu Ue tidak sekadar berfungsi sebagai pelengkap seremoni agraris, melainkan merupakan media legitimasi kosmologis yang memelihara ekosistem sosial dan kelestarian lingkungan hidup masyarakat Pulau Solor.    

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