ADJECTIVES WITH THE MEANING OF «HUMAN APPEARANCE» IN RUSSIAN AND ARABIC

Abstract

The article presents a comparative analysis of semantic and functional features of adjectives describing human appearance in Russian and Arabic. The study examines the linguocultural aspects of representing physical characteristics through adjectival vocabulary. The aim is to identify national and cultural specifics of verbalizing appearance in the compared linguocultures. The scientific novelty lies in the systematic description of this lexicalsemantic group from the perspective of intercultural communication. It is established that the Russian adjectival system is characterized by a predominance of neutral-descriptive function with an emphasis on analytical description of anthropometric parameters. Arabic linguoculture demonstrates syncretism of aesthetic and ethical evaluation, where physical characteristics are inextricably linked with moral qualities of the individual. Fundamental differences in functional-semantic dominants, categorization principles, gender specification and axiological components are revealed. The research results have practical significance for translation theory and practice, teaching Russian and Arabic as foreign languages, and for developing intercultural communication.