Overcoming cancer resistance in pancreatic cancer: toward dynamic precision oncology

Advances in Molecular Subtype-Based Precision Therapy and Strategies to Overcome Resistance in Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer -related morbidity and mortality, characterized by significant biological and molecular heterogeneity. Molecular subtypes —including luminal A, luminal B, HER2 - enriched, and triple -negative—inform prognosis and guide prec ision therapies. Despite advances with endocrine age...

Drug resistance in breast cancer brain metastasis: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.

This comprehensive review highlights BMBC resistance mechanisms, drawing from preclinical models, clinical studies, and genomic analyses, and highlights the potential for personalized, multi-targeted approaches to improve patient outcomes in BMBC.

Breast cancer stem cells: drivers of progression and therapeutic resistance

Plastic features of BCSCs are summarized, their roles in metastasis and multidrug resistance, microenvironmental regulation and relevant therapeutic targeting strategies are summarized and progress toward subtype-specific combination approaches is indicated.

From KRAS inhibition to tumor adaptation: mechanistic layers of resistance and therapeutic strategies.

This review synthesizes current knowledge on KRAS resistance mechanisms and highlights emerging therapeutic strategies, including rational combination approaches, enhanced RAS pathway suppression, targeted protein degradation, and KRAS-directed immunotherapies.

Immunotherapy Resistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: from Tumor Biology to Biomarker-Guided Strategies

Therapeutic Resistance in Melanoma: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Pharmaceutical Strategies

Cutaneous melanoma remains a global health challenge. Although BRAF/MEK-targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved outcomes in advanced disease, durable responses remain difficult to achieve for most patients. Therapeutic resistance represents the central barrier to long-term disease contr...