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cybersecurity

1,407 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

APEX: Active Protection at Execution Boundaries for LLM Agents

APEX is an active defense that enforces both at this boundary from a single authorization contract compiled before untrusted execution, and applies uniformly across capability units without attack-specific policies or taint tracking.

Xin-Ran Zheng, Xin-Fan Guo, Zhi-Qian Hao et al. · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Dynamical low-rank equilibrium computation for stochastic games between advanced persistent threats and moving target defense

Moving target defense (MTD) against advanced persistent threats (APTs) in industrial control systems (ICS) has well-established game-theoretic formulations, but their practical value hinges on equilibrium computation, which faces two gaps: full-rank value iteration is prohibitively expensive at industrial scale, and th...

Tian Zijian, Zhang He, Chen Xinjie et al. · 0 citations
#cybersecurity Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Amplifier Effect: Human-Factor Risks of AI-Suggested Correlation and Auto-Propagation in Multi-Framework GRC Self-Assessment

Multi-framework Governance, Risk and Compliance (GRC) platforms increasingly automate the link between an organisation's self-assessment answer and the compliance obligations that answer is said to satisfy. Cross-framework control mapping, AI-suggested question correlation, and automatic propagation of answers and evid...

Nikolaos Kekatos, Michael Ioannou, Marina Korgiala-Karyda et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Where Rules End and Judges Begin: Measuring the Judgment Boundary in Multi-Agent Systems Security

LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) engage tools, share memory, and delegate tasks, often encountering adversarial content. Current defenses for MAS are typically evaluated in isolation, focusing on one attack type at a time, which can lead to costly and hard-to-audit outcomes. This study organizes defenses into five p...

Shaswata Mitra, Raj Patel, Subash Neupane et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Safeguarding LLMs via Model-Agnostic Latent Safety Signals from Dark Knowledge

LLMs have advanced rapidly, raising growing concerns about their safety. Recent work has proposed approaches to detect and defend against attacks including defenses at decoding stage that leverage models'hidden states. However, existing decoding-stage defenses suffer from two limitations. First, they introduce a trade-...

Wonjun Lee, Kyungsik Yang, Gaeun Ji et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Not What a Child Expressed: Auditing the Sign-to-Text Safety Interface in Child-Facing AI

Automatic sign language translation (SLT) has entered consumer products, turning American Sign Language into English text for dictation, messaging, and queries put to a conversational assistant. Child-facing AI and platform trust-and-safety tooling decide on text, using filters on minor accounts and grooming classifier...

Muhammad Rafiullah Memon, Viet Vo, Wanlun Ma et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Practical Feasibility of Gradient Inversion Attacks in Federated Learning

Gradient inversion attacks are often presented as a serious privacy threat in federated learning, with recent work reporting increasingly strong reconstructions under favorable experimental settings. However, it remains unclear whether such attacks are feasible in modern, performance-optimized systems deployed in pract...

Viktor Valadi, Lucas Beerens, Mattias {\AA}kesson et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Large Language Models for Cryptocurrency Transaction Analysis: A Bitcoin Case Study

Cryptocurrencies are widely used, yet current methods for analyzing transactions often rely on opaque, black-box models. While these models may achieve high performance, their outputs are usually difficult to interpret and adapt, making it challenging to capture nuanced behavioral patterns. Large language models (LLMs)...

Yuchen Lei, Yuexin Xiang, Rafael Dowsley et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Latent Diagnostic Taxonomy: A Framework for Constructing Classifiers and Diagnosing Their Decisions, Applied to Prompt Injection Detection

This paper proposes a framework for constructing a classifier as a safeguard layer, and for developing a complementary diagnostic that identifies which of the classifier's confident decisions can be trusted. This framework, the Latent Diagnostic Taxonomy, consists of (i) constructing a dimensionality-optimized classifi...

Jaturong Kongmanee, Smile Thanapattheerakul · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Secure Speculative Decoding for Large Language Models

Speculative decoding accelerates inference for a large language model (LLM), referred to as the \emph{target model}, by first using a smaller model, referred to as the \emph{draft model}, to generate candidate tokens and then verifying them with the target model for acceptance or rejection. Prior studies primarily focu...

Yi-Chi Zhang, Zhi-Qi Wang, N. Gong et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

RAG-PIBench: A Leakage-Aware Benchmark for Prompt-Injection Detection in Trustworthy RAG Systems

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are vulnerable to prompt-injection attacks embedded in retrieved content. We introduce RAG-PIBench, a benchmark for RAG-style prompt-injection detection containing 4,876 contextual examples across frozen train, validation, and protected-test splits. Using a leakage-aware con...

Niveen O. Jaffal, Ahmet Yuksel, David Mohaisen · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Surviving the Router: Optimizing Skill Injections for Retrieval and Execution

AI agents increasingly rely on modular third-party "skills" that are dynamically selected by skill routers to execute complex tasks. While recent studies highlight the threat of prompt injections embedded in these skills, existing evaluations often assume settings where the malicious skill is already selected for execu...

Haneen Najjar, Luca Scionis, Haritz Puerto et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Nov 3, 2026

Learn the rules: The hacker mindset

Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.

GPT-Lab Oct 30, 2026

Black October? The Week AI Changed the Cybersecurity Conversation

Critical flaws, compromised release channels and agentic AI threats landed within days of each other in mid-October 2026. Why “Black October” may say more about how well we now find weaknesses than about the attacks themselves. The post Black October? The Week AI Changed the Cybersecurity Conversation appeared first on GPT-Lab.

Google DeepMind Blog Jul 17, 2026

Introducing Gemini 3.5 Flash Cyber

Google introduces Gemini 3.5 Flash Cyber, a lightweight cybersecurity model to find and patch vulnerabilities.

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