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small language model

3,533 papers

#small language model Open access Sep 2026

labplan: exact measurement planning, calibration and audit trails for any lab model

Fixed Model.jacobian (used by information, design and fit) took its finite-difference step as 1e-6 * max(|theta|, 1e-3). For a parameter smaller than 1e-3 in its own units the step, 1e-9, was too coarse; for a time constant of 1e-9 s it was the size of the parameter itself. The planned error bars then depended on the u...

Tanvir M. Mahim · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

A general convergence theorem for nearest-element recurrences

Let b(n) be a strictly increasing sequence of positive integers satisfyinglim_{n→∞} b(n+1)/b(n) = 1. Define a recurrence by taking a_n to be the element of b nearest to a_{n-1} + a_{n-2}, with ties broken by taking the smaller element. We prove that for any initial values a_1, a_2 in b, lim_{n→∞} a_n / a_{n-1} = φ := (...

Yixiang Wang · 0 citations
#small language model Dataset Open access Sep 2026

Immaterial Apart, Material Together: paper, data, model scores and code

Companion to the paper Immaterial Apart, Material Together: Statement-Level Disclosure Regulation under Cheap Machine Aggregation by Lisha Ai and Xiaoyu Chen. Chinese listed firms answer thousands of small investor questions on the exchanges' interaction platforms; each answer passes review on its own. A language model...

Lisha Ai, Xiaoyu Chen · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Informed Masking: Structure-Aware Perturbation for Reinforcement Learning in Diffusion Large Language Models

This work identifies a systematic upstream/downstream structure in dLLM rollouts and proposes Informed Masking (IM), which derives a per-token priority score from the denoising trajectory at zero extra inference cost and biases mask sampling toward downstream tokens.

Xiao-Yi Yu, E. Sangineto, Pei Fu et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Conduct Under Pressure: What Sixty Language Models Do When a User Pushes

We study what LLMs do when a user applies pressure in an uncomfortable situation: a user insists, begs, flatters or grieves, and the model gives up a correct fact, writes a document it should refuse, or cheers a plan that will cost the user money. We send frozen multi-turn scenes, identical for every model regardless o...

Tapan Parikh · 1 citation · ⚡1
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

On the Lexical Superstition of Large Language Models for Code Comprehension: Re-evaluation on Code of Low Lexical Quality

Face/Off is introduced, a semantics-preserving identifier-renaming framework, and progressive naming conditions across multiple models and code-comprehension tasks are evaluated, revealing a systematic vulnerability in how current LLMs balance lexical cues against program structure.

Xin-Peng Shen, San-Zhuo Xi, Ya-Li Du et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

MT-ProtBERT: Multi-task Learning ProtBERT for Intrinsically Disordered Proteins Classification with Scarce Data

MT-ProtBERT consistently outperforms PARROT, an RNN-based IDP-specific model, across all tasks, and demonstrates that combining self-supervised and biochemistry-informed tasks, and multi-scale learning enables robust modeling of unstructured proteins under data scarcity.

Jian Sun, Kingshuk Ghosh, Lilianna Houston et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Beyond Repeated Sampling: Learning Search Policies for LLM Reasoning

A small concept generator is optimized with reinforcement learning so that its concepts maximize the downstream success of a larger, frozen answer generator, and can thus be trained into an effective, reusable search policy for a much larger one.

Ismail Labiad, M. Kowalski, M. Schoenauer et al. · 1 citation

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