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633 papers
This case highlights the importance of continued endoscopic surveillance for gastric carcinogenesis even after long‐term clinical remission of MD and reveals no evidence of active MD.
Findings demonstrates that optimized pretreatment coupled with selected indigenous bacterial isolates enhanced conversion of WB into protein-enriched microbial biomass, providing a basis for further development of lignocellulosic biomass valorization for SCP production.
Two orthogonal systems for inducible transcriptional repression in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum using bacterial repressor proteins are created, improving on previous attempts at transcriptional regulation by two orders of magnitude and outperforming gold standard translational/post-transcriptional regulation systems.
Prot-LAMBDA is introduced, a PLM that explicitly incorporates spatial relationships by coupling residue embeddings with inter-residue contacts and LambdaFold, a lightweight distance-guided structure prediction framework that achieves performance comparable to ESMFold on proteins strictly non-redundant to the training data.
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The highly modular network restricted horizontal gene transfer of ARGs, mitigated the enrichment of pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria (PARBs) and occurrence of high-risk ARGs in MMB-CW, providing an optimization strategy for MMB-CW in view of treatment performance and ecological risk.
The application of quercetin in functional foods is severely limited by its poor aqueous solubility, chemical instability, and low oral bioaccessibility. This study investigated the synergistic effects of ultrasound pretreatment and λ-carrageenan (λ-CA) complexation on the stability and quercetin delivery efficiency of tilapia protein (TP)-based emulsion gels. The results showed that ultrasonication induced partial unfolding of the TP secondary structure and tertiary conformation, thereby exposing more hydrophobic groups and free sulfhydryl groups, which promoted the formation of UTP-λ-CA complexes with enhanced solubility. More importantly, this synergistic strategy constructed a denser, more ordered gel network, providing effective steric hindrance against droplet aggregation and significantly enhancing the viscoelasticity, environmental stability, and digestive resistance of the system. Compared with UTP-0.1%λ-CA and UTP-0.2%λ-CA complex-stabilized emulsion gels, the UTP-0.3%λ-CA emulsion gel exhibited the smallest droplet size (D4,3 = 14.95 μm, D3,2 = 2.80 μm), the highest storage modulus (G'), and superior viscoelasticity. It also demonstrated the highest quercetin retention rates after UV irradiation (77.07%) and thermal treatment (74.93%). Furthermore, this system achieved the greatest quercetin bioaccessibility (31.19%), a 2.09-fold increase compared to the TP emulsion gel (14.92%). These findings provide theoretical support for the development of high-performance aquatic protein-based delivery systems for hydrophobic bioactive compounds.
Regulation of walnut fruit maturation is crucial for delaying harvest and maintaining kernel quality. In this study, 'Qingxiang' walnut (Juglans regia L.) fruit were treated with 300 mg L-1 gibberellic acid (GA3) during 20-100 days after flowering (DAF) to assess its effects on fruit development, kernel nutrient composition and endogenous hormonal dynamics. GA3 treatment decreased walnut husk cracking and peeling incidences at 154 DAF by 46 and 59 percentage points, respectively, and delayed fruit abscission by 7 days compared to the control. In the husk, GA3 treatment postponed the accumulation peaks of acid-soluble pectin, suppressed pectin methylesterase and β-galactosidase activities, and downregulated JrPME-like2 and JrPMEI4 expression levels. In kernels, GA3 treatment delayed the protein accumulation pattern by approximately 12 days and reduced the relative content of oleic acid (OA) while promoting linoleic acid (LA) accumulation in kernels, consistent with altered expression peaks of JrFAD2 and JrFAD3. Significantly, in the GA3-treated group, OA and LA contents were highly correlated with the expression levels of JrGAI-like1, LEC2, JrSAD6, JrFAD2, and JrFAD3. GA3 treatment also elevated the peak levels of ZT, tZ-type CTK, IAA, and JA in walnut kernels, delayed the ZT peak by approximately 20 days, and increased endogenous GA3 content approximately 15-fold at 76 DAF relative to the control, whereas ABA and SA contents remained unaffected. Potential hormonal crosstalk among GA3, ABA, IAA, and tZ-type CTK suggests a complex regulatory network modulating nutrient accumulation in walnut kernels. Overall, GA3 delays walnut maturation by coordinating enzyme activities, hormonal balance, and gene expression, providing an effective strategy to extend harvest windows and enhance walnut quality.
Commercial Bacillus-based probiotics are widely used in poultry production, but their biological mechanisms of action in broiler chickens are still not fully understood. This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with Bacillus-based commercial probiotics on the performance, meat and tibia traits, gut health (ileal morphology and cecal volatile fatty acids), antioxidant status, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal gene expression in broiler chickens. Day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks (288 in total) were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments, with six replicate pens of 12 birds each in an environmentally controlled facility. The treatments included a control group fed a basal diet and three probiotic-supplemented diets: Bacillus subtilis KCCM13366P at 5.0 × 107 cfu/kg (BS), Bacillus licheniformis KCCM11751P at 1.0 × 108 cfu/kg (BL), or an equal blend at 2.0 × 108 cfu/kg (BSL). On days 21 and 35, one or three birds per pen were sampled for feathers, blood, small intestine, and cecal digesta to determine the indicators of gut health (i.e., secrtory immunoglobulin A, gut morphology, cecal volatile fatty acids, and intestinal gene expression) and physiology (i.e., serum parameters, corticosterone, and antioxidants parameters). In addition, meat quality and ileal nutrient digestibility were assayed on day 35. Data were analyzed using the general linear model procedure in SAS followed by pairwise differences using Tukey's post-hoc test. Statistical significance was preset at P < 0.05. The trial lasted for 35 days. Dietary BSL tended to increase feed intake during the grower phase by 6.33% (P = 0.087). Dietary BS and BSL improved the feed conversion ratio by 7.83% and 5.22%, respectively, during the starter phase (P < 0.05) and BSL reduced overall feed conversion ratio by 1.99% compared to the control group (P < 0.05). At 21 days, dietary BSL increased the ileal villus height:crypt depth ratio by 40.66% (P < 0.05). The activity of glutathione peroxidase in the ileal mucosa, but not in the serum samples, was decreased by 36.34% in the BS group and 38.06% in the BSL group at 21 days (P < 0.05). Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase concentrations were lower by 22.3% on day 21, and ileal digestibility of crude protein and crude ash were lower by 6.6% and 21.9% on day 35, respectively, in birds fed the BSL diet than in the control group (P < 0.05). The interleukin-8 and interferon-alpha expression levels in the ileum were increased by 2.0-fold in BL-fed broilers compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The expression of genes encoding antioxidant-related parameters, tight junction proteins, mucin, and glucose transporters was upregulated by 2.0- to 4.0-fold in dietary BL and BSL groups on days 21 and 35 (P < 0.05). We concluded that dietary BS improved growth performance, whereas dietary BL enhanced cytokine, gut barrier, mucin, antioxidant, and nutrient transporter mRNA levels, resulting in additive effects of BSL on chickens. Based on the enhanced intestinal gene expression induced by dietary BS or BSL, further studies are needed to determine protective immunity against enteric pathogens in broiler chickens.
Nacre supplementation was associated with improved performance in the Y-maze and novel object recognition tests, reduced amyloid-β deposition and Congo red-positive plaque burden, lower phosphorylated tau immunoreactivity, and fewer histologically degenerated hippocampal neurons.
A unified view is provided of how genome structure is established, how it relates to function, and how its disruption contributes to tumorigenesis, suggesting that alterations in genome structure can, in some contexts, actively reshape oncogenic programs.
A comparative protein engineering strategy that integrates prior mutagenesis, bioinformatics, and structural insights to reprogram LC protease specificity is reported, establishing comparative protein engineering as an effective framework for retargeting botulinum neurotoxin proteases.
A framework that overcomes the internalization barrier, broadening the target scope for therapeutic and diagnostic conjugates is established and extended BTR to programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and an mRNA-display-derived FAP peptide, suggesting potential broad applicability.
A new machine-learning framework aims to improve the success rate of computational protein design while moving away from results that reproduce sequences found in nature.
Scientists are using AlphaFold to strengthen a photosynthesis enzyme for resilient, heat-tolerant crops.
Explore how AlphaFold has accelerated science and fueled a global wave of biological discovery.
AlphaFold has revealed the structure of a key protein behind heart disease
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